The Brooklyn Daily Eagle from Brooklyn, New York • Page 17

THE BKOOKXYK DAILY EAGLE. NEW YORK, SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1898. 17 PUVIS 'BE CHAVANNES. WHAT SPAIN WILL LOSE. IN LOCAL STUDiOS.

Warren Sheppanl has a canvas in t'he Academy this fall. It is a mellow Venetian scene, one of the unhackneyed kind, showing a bit of a by canal with foliage from a garden giving Pelews and is Inhabited by a few people frctn Yap or Gimp. This lat.er island is further to the northeast. It is about ten miles long and has an excellent The natives of this grJtip are of a higher grade of in.clli geivce. They lay out viiiages regularly, pave streets an litilld stone piers and wharfs.

They are also good boat builder. The Uie I Swede and I. islands are of little im portance. The Ilugoleu or Rug group is to exclaim, "Deliver me from my too enthusiastic friends." What an example of that have we in Puvis de Chavannes' predecessor as president ot the National Society of Fine Arts, Meissonier. Adorers, during his lifetime, spoiled the man.

He ended by believing he was made of a different artistic clay from his confreres, and these adorers did still more harm to his fame after his death. "Who talks about Meis sonler's pictures to day? Very few, and even those very few have singularly diminished the quality of expletives. To day Meissonier holds the rank of one of the best modern artists of France, no more, no less, and he is far from occupying the throne on which would have justified his thinking that he bad a divine right. Here an illustrative anecdote comes in order. A pupil of Meissonier, whose father was one ot the Paris municipals, one day hastened to toll him the good news that a street was about to be named after him.

It must be said that Parisians think it a great honor conferred upon a man to have a street named after him while he is still alive, and the young student thought he would, all his life, remember the ardor of Meissonier's thanks. But what was his discomfiture, when, In sol climate in the southern parts of the Island is delightful, and the scenery is picturesque. The mineral resources include qu arrj.es which yield fine qualities of marble, while coal is found in considerable quantities. Agriculture is the most practiced occupation on 'the island and most of the good land Is under cultivation. The methods of cultivating the soil, however, arc mainly primitive.

Wheat, ilax, figs and oranges are raised in considerable quantities. The fruit is mostly shipped to France, the value of that trade being estimated at 25.000 pounds sterling a year. The natives aiso raise figs which are shipped to Barcelona. The silk worm is reared and its produce manufactured, and canvas, rope and cord are largely made. The average value of the imports to the islnd is 550,000 pounds a year and exports amount to somewhat more There is some rail way and telegraph service and steamers ply regularly between the island ar.

ri Barcelona and other Spanish cities. The island alo beasts a bank and a credit association for the development of the country's re sou rcos. The peop'e are mainly industrious and hospitable, and though they are poorly educated and exceedingly superstitious, crime is rare among them. The population, according to the last accessible census was about 204.000. 'Minorca, twenty seven miles cast, northeast of Majorca, is about 'thirty five miles long and has an area of 200 square miles.

Like Majorca it is hilly in the north and flat or rolling in the south, but the climate is not evoipoatd of five large and forty simmer i i i Verp.ank Birney of Uio Brooklyn and'S. Ihe population, which nuimbers about i nnn i i Art has a canvas, "Home Practice, oa 3...000, is composed of two distinct races, a re which take the popular hack and a red. and they are of.en at war eye, although it is a thoroughly artistic pic ivi'th each other. Tile Mortiock or Young lure. It shows an old man sitting in a iiving Williams group, consists of three atols, Sa room, trying his bass viol.

The outer door wan, Etol and Lukunor. An atol is a ring a Jar snowing a sunny bit of old fashioned i garden, ehapod Asland or rormat.co. I The Central Sketch Club has discontinued About 3,400 natives Samoan origin and its out. door sessions until April, cxe ept what idol wcrshipens live on this group. To the individual work the members do in the northeast lies Ngatik, or Raven Island, in autumn and winter sketching.

In habited by immigrants from Puvnipet. whoso I 'he lmU" take p. nec, wnrn new me mbers are admitted, racial characteristics have much ny nse just graduated art. class mixed by the infusion of foreign blood. at the Young Hun's 'christian Association.

and the nearhv islands (also known I Gustavo Wieganrt has settled down at a by ihe French as the "Ascension" Island m'" avenue for the winter, where he will probabiv finish his picture for witn two of tne atol.s of Andema and Pop A canvas which who have talent are the ones who generally want the least attention; they fly with their own wings; and it is 'the others who want guiding. Here and in other private schools the teachers may have a personal acquaintance with the student and his work and find out in what he wants the most teaching; find out what the weak parts are In his work, and give the necessary advice." "I see you have a very effective model and she is very artistically dressed and draped." "We make the choice of models a strong attraction to the school," said the teacher. "In the large schools they are in the habit of getting cheap modeis: models that are no longer taken by private artists. Here money is no object. We get the best model that is in the market, if I may thus express my.

self. We have her well dreseed, wo pay strict attention to poses and we see to having beautiful and characteristic heads." "Do they pay sufficient attention to backgrounds in art schools?" "No, they pay no attention to them whatever, and therein lies the objection to these schools. The models stand In front of a gray or stone colored background ali the year round. Now, I change it according to the nature of the model, and with every one. I often pu't a piece of tapestry 'back of the model for there are students who wish to make portraits a specially and they must get accustomed 'to having a mediey as a background.

Then you know the importance of the values of backgrounds. Some of them chatige the tones of "the model altogether. That must be taught as weli as outlines and the intrinsic value of the models themselves. You see, it is not our object to teach a hundred pupils all in a lump, sitting heltetr skelter aTound an indifferent model, who listlessly poses with the idea that it is no use to be in earnest for he is not paid sufficiently, and anything is good enough lor a lot of students whose work does not amount to much." M. Renaudot's theories are excellent Now, we will see if they wili be carried out and if he will have pupils who take him and his theories seriously.

I am made to understand by Brooklynites in Paris that French recitations are in vogue in Brooklyn drawing rooms and in musical entertainments, and that there are many society men and women who pronounce the language almost as well as their vernacular tongue. I am happy to announce to them that M. Leon Jancey is about to return to New York and Brooklyn and that he will resume his lessons in French elocution and diction. There is no better professor in Paris than M. Jancey.

Mrs. John Reston Baiiey and Miss Alice Wheeler are doing the of Paris and they sake in the more that both speak very gcod 'French. They remain here but a few weeks more. They confessed to me that their sojourn here was not as enjoyable as the one they made several years ago. Paris was so PUVI3 DE CBAVAKXES.

emu tones, Meissonier said, "I am very sorry your father took any trouble in the matter, for, after my death, it would have been one of the Grand Boulevards which would have been named after me." May not Puvis de Chavannes' fame have the same fate as that of Meissonier? Are there not reasons why, indeed, it may become less than Meissonier's with time? It will rest with his mural paintings, and, with small difference in principle, they are a continuation of those of the primitives whose religious feeling, whose pathos, cause one to ignore the want of technique, the Want of perspective, the want of proportion, NATURE AND ART BY CHAVANNES. HIS WORKS REVIEWED PROM VARIOUS STANDPOINTS. iWhat Critics Say The Mural Painting. Brooklynites and Painting Schools. About Models Classes of Studemts.

Brooklyn People in Paris. Eagle Paris Bureau, 2G Rue Camton. November 5, 1898 France has lost owe ot her greatest modern masters, Puvis de Chav annes. Although he died at the age of 76, his death was a great shock to his friends and admirers and premature, for the artist was one of those strong, muscular men who promise to live far beyond three score and ten. Puvis de Chavannes was born in Lyons.

He was a descendant of one of the old Bourgingnonne families. La Bourgogne has been so prolific in artists of all arts that it is often given the pame of the nursery art. During his boyhood Chavannes was a pupil of one of the best schools of Lyons. Then he came to Paris to enter into the Lycee Henri IV. His parents were desirous for him to take up the sciences, but after a journey to Italy he made up his mind to become an artist in painting.

Bis first studio was that of Henry Scheffer, brother of the celebrated Ary Scheffer, an'd after having tried several others, he returned to. Italy, where he exclusively studied the pictures ot Piero della Francesea, Pra Angelico, Signor elli and of Ghirlandajo. It was in Italy that he became acquainted with Delacroix, But you may well imagine that Puvis de Chavannes, eveo during the first period of his career, was but a mediocre admirer of the great colorist. It is only necessary to imagine a picture of each ot those two masters standing side by Bide to understand what divergence kept them apart. After having remained in Delacroix's studio hut a few weeks, Puvis migrated to that of Couture.

As you see, he wandered from school to school, made innumerable attempts to be inspired by the masters thee in vogue, before he found his own personal note. There is a moral to that experience which is that a student should not remain long in any art school in which he finds that other people's work would stifle the originality which he feels he has in him. There is a portrait still extaut which Puvis do Ch'a vannes painted of himself during his stay in Couture's tatelier, which coul'd be attributed to Couture himself. A little less will on the part of the pupil to become an original painter would most probably have caused the loss off whai: his a.dm'irora deem a great innovation in art. From, the time he left Couture, he retired to his small, private studio, and began his studies sifter hhs own manner.

In 1850 he exhibited a "Pieta" in the salon. In 1852 he took the studio on the Place Figalle, which he kept to within two years of his death. It will seem natural Uhat the' artist died president of the Chaimips de Mars Salon, that is, that, after Meissonier, he was the greatest adversary of the Salon of the Champs Elysees, when it is known that his pictures were refused in the latter during the first years of h'23 new manner, that is in 1852, 1853 and 1854, and Chat he was only finally admitted in 1861 with "Pe'ice" oa "War," which to day belong to t'he museum of Amiens. With the exception of Theophile autier and Theodore de Banville, who did not praise him, but treated his work with silence and indifference, all the French critics of the former generation set down Puvis de Chavannes' pictures as exponents of the lowest degree of art, if any art whatever could be found in them. Edmund About, although professing great likiug to the man, openly declared that Puvis de Chavannes knew no more about drawing than the worst pupil of an obscure village school.

It was after the exhibit of 1861 that Puvis de Chavannes oame to the front, and the orders for the state and museums came in such numbers that it took years for t'he artist to fill them. All the cities in France claimed the honor to have Che walls of their new public buildings covered with Puvis de Chavannes' mural paintings. It 'is probable that he put his best work into his "Telling of the Story" and "Life of Saint Genevieve," the patron saint Paris, on t'he much painted walls of the Pantheon, and that ihe admirers of this artist will make pilgrimages to the Pantheon as lovers of the great IOalian masters do to the Louvre Museum. While at work upon the triptic, Puvis often said: "I wish to live only long enough to" finish my 'Life of Saiat After that work God can call me to Him whenever He wills. I shall be ready." In reference to the mural painting which the artist did for the Sorbonne, and which is here illustrated, Arsene Alexandre speaks in the following glowing terms of Puvis de Chavannes.

It will give you an example of the enthusiasm of French critics over artists they love and admire: "The perfection of Puvis de Chavannes' manner lies in 'Bois He has put his whole being, his soul into it. He is truly the Virgil of painting. How many celebrities who think themselves immortal will be soon forgotten, but Puvis de Chavannes' fame will last forever. People will wend their way to the Sorbonne as people were wont to go on pilgrimages to Italy and when this epoch of paint is purged of charlatans in painting the works of this painter will be the most eloquent specimens of modern art. "His landscapes are exquisite harmonies.

They are the work of an artist who has examined nature in all of her forms and found harmonies which are surprising in depth, precision and grandeur." What, will he the cool judgment of posterity upon ttie bulk of Puvis de Chavannes' works after the ecstasy of his great admirers has cooled down? Ecstasy over art in these painting times is unfortunately mixed with too much alloy to be accepted as pure metal. There are alloys of many kinds in criticisms; and the one which perhaps does the most harm is the desire on the part of the critic to humiliate other artists when he pens the praise of another. Critics, like other men who permit themselves to have prejudices, in their unreasonable praise oftentimes do much harm; circumspection would go farther. A renowned painter often has the occasion HER COLONIES BEPORE THE "WAR AND AFTER. A Tabular Showing of the Effect of the American Victory on Her Poreign Possessions and Revenues No Wonder She Protests.

It is becoming more and more apparent that the losseswhich Spam will suffer as the result of her determination to maintain a medieval, not to say barbarous, colonial policy, will be far heavier than even the most radical prophet would have been willing to estimate when it became evident that a conflict was inevitable. In the first place, probably not even the most confidem; jackie in the United States Navy would have been quite bold enough to assert that in the naval conflicts which were certain to follow, our fighting ships would not only whip, but utterly demolish the very flower of the Spanish navy. Yet this loss, serious as it is, is but trifling when compared with other losseswhich have already been accepted in the abandonment of Cuba and Porto Rico. And now, as though by way of making sure of the absolute ruin of what was once a powerful system, it seems certain that the Philippines, Spain's sole remaining colonial possession of any considerable value, are to go the way of Porto Rico. How complete will be the wreck of Spain's colonial system if she loses control of the Philippines can easily be shown.

Here is a table, taken from the Statesmen's Year Book, which presents the statistics of that colonial system before the war with the United States: COLONIAL POSSESSIONS. Poss essiions In America. Area, English. Popu sq. lat.ion.

Cuba O8S0) iLCSTi 1,631.657 Porto Rico 3,670 S06.70S Total, America. Posseesilons In Asia. Philippine Islands 11 1,326 7.000.000 Sulu Islands Caroi'Ine Islands antl f60 36. POO Marianne Islands 420 10.172 TotaJ, Asia 7,121,172 Possesions in Africa. Bio de Oro and Adrar 243.000 100.000 Ifn.l i.r.ar Cape Nun) 27 Fernando Po.

Armabon, Coris co, Blboney, San Juan S30 30.000 Africa 243.S77 130.000 Total possessions 695.567 Whether or not the United States take absolute control of the entire Philippine archipelago, it seems assured that hereafter we hall at least own all that is worth owning of the principal island, Luzon, and the most important city, Manila. When it Is considered what the loss of practically all of the revenue from the group, added to.the loss of Cuba and Porto Rico, means to Spain, no one can blame the Spanish peace commissioners ait Paris for having made such a desperate stand. For this is what the surrender of all those possessions means to the Spaniards: Popu Area. illation. Total M.Vl.

West Indies and PbKipp 159.651 9.43S.3S3 Remain In possessions 245. S07 237,172 Percentage of loss .39 .07 It has not been possible to get figures which would show accurately the revenue from any of these islands, and it is therefore not possible to estimate what will be the money loss to Spain. But the percentage figures will serve as an index. If, as has been said, Spain has been staving off bankruptcy by practically mortgaging her colonial possessions, the loss es shown in the above tables will indeed leave her in a serious predicament. The percent age figures, and particularly the percentage of the loss of population, show that poor Spain would indeed be left high and dry by the passing of the Philippines.

For it seems that fully 97 per cent, of her colonial population is quartered on the per cent, of possessions which either are, or seem certain to be lost, to the monarchy. No wonder the peace commissioners are haying a serious time of it. The principal colonial possessions which remain to Spain are the Balearic and the Caroline Islands. For administrative purposes the Canary Islands are considered a part of Spain, and it is not quite accurate, therefore, PANTHEON, BY CHAVANNES. to speak of them as a colony.

It will bo convenient for the present purpose, however, to consider the islands as a colony, or, at any rate, one of the Spanish possessions outside of the peninsu'a itself, from which the monarchy gets some revenue. That there will be litttle enough of this revenue, in comparison with what Spain has heretofore realized from her colonies, will lie sufficiently apparent after considering the character of these several islands. The Balearic Islands lie in the western part of the Mediterranean Sea. south and cast of Spain, their exact, location being between 30 degrees, 10 minutes, and 40 degrees, 5 minutes, north latitude, and dtgrec ami .1 degrees east longitude. The longest is the island of Majorca in Spanish), anil has an area of about square miles.

is a trapezoid in shape, and its diagonal Is about six miles In length, til'' northwest coast is precipitous, but tho remainder of tin? island is composed of low or gradually sloping ground. The mountains on 'the north protect the remainder of the island from the gales which swep down from that direction. The freshness to the composition and a glimpse of a gondola. The water and the reflections in it artists have admired is one shewing a calm nd quiet afternoon at Willow Brook. S.

and i on exhibition at Woohr's. Mr. Wie gatnl's Academy picture this fall is catalogued as "A Shady Corner." Mme. Le Prir.cc cx president of the Le agu of Mineral Painters, of nh th Mrs. Osgood of Madison is now chief oilicer.

is pre paring to build a studio on Fire island Be ach (Point o' Woods). Mme. Lo Prince has mado a number of sketr hrs at, this pluee during the pa: summer and shown the Great South Bay in many aspects. Miss Hilton, who paints in water color and oil and makes flowers a specialty, has taken a studio in Putnam avenue with Mrs. Parsons, which the two artists have fitted up with much care, near Bedford avenue.

Miss Hilton will have charge of the art embroidering department, as well as the flower painting. A number of her studies and other art examples are at the studio. C. A. Burlingumo has three pictures in tho Academy exhibition.

One is a gray day effect near Flushing, with a true September feeling in it. Another is a spring scene, broad and in frph. pleasant tones; apple blossoms give the finishing touch of May to the canvas. Still another picture, strikes an entirely different note so that the artist is represented unusually well at the Academy. Henry Wells, who studiel at the Brooklyn Art School has been busy ibis summer building a studio among the pines a miles from Brentwood.

L. I. Mr. Wells has leen sketching through the immediate vicinity of his studio neighborhood and says that there are effects for painting in it that cannot bo surpassed, although it is generally thought that this section of the island Us uninteresting. Alice Wadsworth Stone, since her return from Hatch's Lake, has been again into tha country.

At Ellenville she obtained some autumn effects. An oil sketch shows in tho distance, the blue outline of a Catskill rango. The middle distance is occupied by foothills with heavy foliage covering them and hill spurs jut out each side into the foreground, with trees upon them, reddened by frost. George Willis Bardwcl! has been working on some illustrations to accompany a work, "Spain's Trail of Blood." In it tho various methods of torture practiced by the Spaniards are described and drawings by Mr. Bard weil of ancient and modern Implements and machines are combined with the text.

Arthur Woelile has returned from Munich to his home on South Elliott e. which be left many months ago to study art in Munich. Mr. Woelfie brings homo a number eif interesting studies and copies. lie has worked diligently during his stay.

the oopieu he has made have; been Makart's "A Mm dance of the Pea" and "Abundance of the Land." Miss Genevieve AYillinmsnri will give an exhibit of her summer work ai her studio. 3S0A. Clinton street, near Uegrnw, before Christ i mas. About 70 per celt, of tho pictures sent to the Academy exhibition by Brooklyn artists, it is staled, were accepted. Charles Volkmar, who, at Corona, L.

1., Las his studio and kilns, has tit present e. small exhibit of his work at Mut'beth's, Fifth avenue, Manhattan. Local artists who studied at the Sl'innecock School, under Chase, last summer, were well represented at lho e. ion nf tho summer work of the school during the past week in Manhattan. Alexander S.

Locke, whose studio is in the Ovlngton Building, is rcpreseiitci! at the exhibition of the New York Water CoMr Club by a Madonna. Alice Tillinghnsl Searlo is represented at thfi Water (luinr Club exhibition by a miniature. One of Miss Searle's latent miniatures shows a young woman against a sylvan background of trees; a stream win. Is off into tho distance. The effect is quite 1 ike and the head of the gir! in the foreground is much in harmony with the surroundings.

Oliver Phelps Smith of iiainliridgo street has recently painted two pictures which have received excellent rocognil ion. They art "Adoration of the Magi" and "Fair Evening After Showery Weather, Long Island Sound," very opposite in stylo. The pictures are on exhibition in Manhattan. Miss Pamela Smith has some reproductions of her pictures at Miss Smith studied at Pratt. The plates from her originals are first, printed in black and white outline.

The color Is next stenciled in ami ma artist herself finishes up the work, hand lines in color. Elizabeth Franks of the Brooklyn Ar: Guild has a water color at si: wing a standing against a sunny kgroii 1. tier shadow cast crisply upon it. The neckband cif her gown gives a pleasant high note to tlic composition. A little design by Miss A.

Shaw nn penis a. nit. hi still itre. a letter tlii i down and a beside it, v.iijl r.f a New York Sun is at tit blotter (for such is Its deitignl. the Sun ti't you is tl: it' i ba I 'Why under I I iously writ: ing.

The 'i i under tin a.l li' slcp i Vii )i. i. iii Ars'c ia: 1' A cousin of Miss .1 rr lliM. has s'hiic v. in It 'c, i vat er ct.inrs Women'.

el I A ar a groin to exhibit i IV ristiao tilt' rtTii: my el red roses riasie Art Room I stalk and bin 'son: arc Hie llowef st it lies referred ti l'iitt! Dougherty, the loci; three pic lures v.cri ac'i pti this fail, has been srudyirur, 21. W. Hanger. 3.11 1 A t'ijnton studio of Mr. Dougherty.

Miss Harriet elt began the Young Women's C. trl ti.m A c. l.i, with ti'ie. class at S.te A. last.

Associated with hoi Louise Hall, ex pr. si to Ar: Guild. The character of tho las y. ar by the Asio ia jon Art Miss peck's studio Wiilow street and Clark, In i is Miss Itronkiyti work done 'ia was coi ti tit 1, ii then be I an.l tlte artist'. summer work informally in it.

Miss Young Ttooni. 'art has tj an tta r. ie at f'ori. As. Art pr lila.

a bluish ch vas of Lafayette avei.tt, whose display of mineral painting examples last seas in at the annua! exltihit of itt ooklvn ii Pa: jite. s. was of much interest, is painting bu. ily fur I ie, exhibit of tit same club. A large va.

ith a dull red iia. of tos. a iiringiiig from it. design of will to an A ptttien i jmvl having a purple grape. i is another exanip.o.

William urtway I'artrtdge lias three exhibits in statuary at the Academy this fa.l. bedside the bust nf Edward ICvi iiale. Th are an ideal head, "ThuiiL'hifiii Madonna." an 1 a portrait Mis'. The Hal. bus: presents the strong, yet reuuen.

natur i gui. author with mti.h sit. dtstin and in stg: Sarah It. S' war: Nov, mini at of to tl in Ph. Gat I tie is an exhibitor at this fall.

Tl: xi.i: it and ti tin opport ut: i S't 's vl Mi. Wafer dor Club ur of a el. i one ano: I r. giving of anting Miss ha. rough: with hpr en ti 'on La t.ong tj.

es. do rs. ttniy of old shows a vio ei hold ti ha Hi. a the tl in fllle I and as a i io on my picture Is and pre mg girl with I'nto ca a 1 Mr. Tl: I Tl.

idili abundant and expression Mcr dl lde. o. ture at the Academy Is favorably The canvas Is eata 'i'" 11 wi i i oteci'i ster nr. Imr." with ship and' dlstiuxti. and tus ij.

the foreground lienerno, make up a group sonir ticnes known as the Seniavine 5. The Eastern Carolines, or Mulgrove Archipelag has a total population of about 100,000. The archipelago was named for Charles II of Spaiei by the Spanish voyager, Admiral Francisco Lazeoito. Spain's ownership of the islands was decided by the Pope in 1SS5. the contest be.

ween Germany and Spain as to the "proprietorship being settled in that way. At the same time Germany was given possess, on of the Marshall group and England assumed control of the Gilbert group, both near the Carolines. American missions were established on Ponape and Kusare (another island in the group) in and a work highly valuable from the point of civilization was carried on there until 1SS7. The natives on the different islands were mostly savage and warlike and cannibalism was prevalent. The missionaries persevered, however, and in 1SSS native teachers, trained by the missionaries, had established themselves on more than thirty of the islands and heathenism had become almost unknown.

The work had reached this stage when it was siu lenly interrupted by the measures taken by Spain to enforce its sovereignty. The natives were not at all disposed to put on the Spanish yoke and the result was numerous conflicts in which the Spaniards were slaughtered without mercy. Gradually the mission schools and churches were forced to close their doors and the natives set themselves to exterminate their would be governors. It was in June. 1S30.

that a general uprising occurred on Ponape, which the Spaniards bad made the base of the lr operations, with the result that almost all of them were slaughtered. A gunboat and 600 soldiers came from Manila the following September and the mission premises at Oua were shelled and destroyed, a performance for which Spain, after delaying many years, paid an indemnity of $17. .100. This decided the American missionaries that It would be useless to stay longer on Ponape and they accordingly left. Since that time rhe missionaries have not been permitted to conduct any regular work in tihe archipelago and, though some of the native preachers ad teachers continue to labor among the people, the Spanish soldiery have succeeded in undoing much of the work which had been done by the missionaries.

For this information concerning Spain and the ssionaries we are indebted to a very mtercv ng article fly the Rev. Dr. K. E. Strong, In a recent number of the Review of Reviews.

Dr. Strong in closing says: "While no complaint is made of the rule of Germany in the or of Great Britain in the Gilberts, it is simply truth to say that the presence c'f the Spaniards in the Carolines has been only a curse. They have accomplished no good work; they have hindered the good that others were doing. The Christians of America have wrought most effectually Tor the uplifting of these islands and if not politically, yet in ihe best of all senses, the sovereignty of the Carolines belongs to them." Everybody of course knows the location of the Canary Islands off the northwest coast or Africa. The geographer would say that the group is between 27 degrees, 40 minute and 29 degrees, 25 minutes north latitude and 13 degrees, 25 minutes and 18 degrees 10 minutes west longitude.

The group is composed of several small islets having a total area ot 3,800 square. miles and a population of about 230,000. The principal islands, from east to west, are Lauzerote, Fuerteventura, Grand Canary, Tenerifo, Gomera, Palma and Hierro (or Ferro). All of the islands are of volcanic origin. The coasts are steep and rocky; there are many lofty mountains separated by narrow gorges, but the broader valleys aro many and fertile.

There are numerous torrents but no rivers, and fresh water is scarce In the southern portions of tiie islands. This is especially true of Hierro. All of the islands excepting Fuerteventura and Lauzerote have five distinct botanical zones. The first which extends to about 1,300 feet above the sea ievei shows tropical vegetationthe date palm, sugar cune, dragon's blood tree, etc. The second, which extends to feet, produces vines, corn, maize, olives anil In general the vegetation of Europe.

The third zone, extending 1,200 feet higher, has laurels, evergreens and similar farms; the fourth, which reaches to an altitude of 11, 000 feet, has liitle vegetable, growth anil that Is generally nipped by cold and dryness, and lie fifth, which includes altitudes of nearly 31.000 feet, has only the bardies: plants. The mountain peaks are just below the limit of perpetual simw. FU' rte vcntura and rotu are more abundantly weeded and have more luxuriant vegetation titan the other lsinnds. Near the sea the temperature varies between 00 and 70 dc gnnts in the coolest month January and from 7n to K7 in the warmest October. The rainy season extnnils from November to February; from April to October the weather is fine.

There are. however, occasional southeast winds from Africa, which burn up vegetation and generate disease. The annual produce of the islands Is 170.000 quarters of grain, .14,000 pipes of wine, 300,000 quintals of barillas. .100,000 barrels of potatoes, together with oil and fruits of all kinds. is but little developed.

Tenerifo has an area of siptare miles, and a population of X.I, 000. The chief town and port, is Santa Cruz. The i.re.a of Grand Canary is 7.1S miles and its Population Oi.eOO. The capital is Los i'almas, which is on tile east coast, and the iarg' st town In the archipelago. I'aima has an ar a of "IS square miles and a population of Its capital is Santa Cruz, on tin ea.it eua.

it. Tin: areas and population of the either isi and are a.s foiiows: Lanzerotc, area population, Fuerteventura, area population. Ki.s'iO; Gornera. area Pill; 11.700; Hierro, area. S2; population 4.100.

The Spaniards established themselves in I central of the islands in 1402. The aborigines, who were called "guonches," bitterly fought off the invaders but were finally driven back into the inotinta.n.s and are no an i extinct race. They were probably the d. Kceiidants of Vandals and Goths, who erni grated from Europe. The present inhabitants are slightly darker than the bur otherwise like that race.

They are not an energetic people, hut they usually manage to grow enough wheat and potatoes homo consumption. Fruit, cultivation, however, in not well understood and the crops are frequently lost through bad management. The insect is now le ing ral.d to extent, and siik worm culture is als neoiir and managed with some sm i s. 'fie largest foreign trade is w.th England, tie principal exports being wine. ec p.

bariila. As everybody also knows, the islands have given to the world that singer and clever littie feathered i. tiie canary bird. On his native hearth, however, liis pliimag is a tn alerii v. sh brown.

instcAd of the briill in: hn, that col.e" being one of the results h.si (iuto.e. lea The Canaries geographers as tin The it is drawn through stlii ere consid I l.y most westerly meridian group and eck net! dn: or the 'riglnaily ig.tude is. la jitriu. it King oi wnosc writings were translated by Pliny, peaks of "Canarla, so called from the multitude of dogs of great size, wnicn no icuua on the islands when ho visited them. I I 1 I I so equable as that of the larger island.

The I soil, too, is unequal in quantity, that of the highlands being good, while the plains are mainly chalky and barren. Wheat and barley are raised, but rardy in quantities more than enough for home cm sumption. Wine, oil, potatoes, hemp and flax a.re also produced in moderate quantities and fruit is abundant. Marble and porphyries superior in quality even to those of Italy are found. There is some manufacture of wool, hemp and flax, but industries of this kind are mainly negiected, agriculture being the commonest occupation.

The principal exports are wheat, cattle, cotton stuffs and shoes. The population is about 39.000. Iviea (or Iviza) is about fifty miles southwest of Majorca and about sixty miles from Capo San 'Martin on the coast of Spain. It is the most fruitful and has the most varied scenery of any island in the group. Oii, corn and fruits are the principal products, but the people are iazy and only the most primitive methods of agriculture are practiced.

Hemp and flax are grown in some quantities. The population of the island is about 21.000. The capital and only considerable town is Iviza, or La Ciudad, a fortified place on the southeast coast, with a good harbor and having about 5,500 inhabitants. Formentera, which is south of Iviza, is said to have gotten its name from its production of wheat. It is like Iviza in its character and products, but it is destitute of streams.

There are several smaller islands in the group, but none of these are important from the standpoint of their productivity. This is about all that can be said for the Balearic Islands. It is apparent that they have little commercial value. They formed, however, a long time, one of the most im portant commercial centers of the world. Gaston Vullier gives an Interesting descrip tion of the archipelago in his book, "The Forgotten Isles," which has been translated from the French by Frederic Breton.

He says that their importance "was due neither to local industry nor to the wealth of the inhabitants, but to their geographical position, midway between the coasts of Africa, Italy, Franco and Spain." And he continues: "In the fifteenth century the Genoese merchants were so numerous that they had a special exchange (in Palma, on the Island of Majorca), aud occupied a special quarter of the town. In the archives of Madrid are to be found sumptuary laws of the period, which testify to the luxury and opulence of the inhabitants. Majorca was one of the great markets of Europe and one of the chief centers of the Indian and African trade. There was scarcely a noble family which did not maintain at least one galley. But the discovery of the Cape of Good Hope changed the route for Asiatic ports, and the expulsion of the Moors from Spain did much to ruin the Balearic Islands.

Nowadays the commercial relations of the group do not extend beyond the Mediterranean coasts of Spain, Africa and France, and the principal exports consist merely or oil, almonds, oranges, lemons and capers, which go to Marseilles, wine to Cette and figs and vegetables to Barcelona. "Majorca is the largest and much the most fertile of the islands. The soil is so rich, the climate so soft and the natural scenery so beautiful that the ancients called the group Eudemones. or Land of the Good Genii, and I also the Aphrodisiadcs, or Islands of Love. The population is relatively as thick as ours in Spain.

Palma, which contains over (10,000 1 inhabitants, is said to have beep founded' by Quintus Cnecilius Mctellus, surnamed Ba learicus. The climate of Majorca 1 is milder than that, of Valencia, which is in nearly the same latitude." The origin of the name of he islands is not established. One aul hority 'numbers' 1 Encyclopedia) says: "The Balearics were famous siingcrs, their name was derived by the ancients from 'to The Britannica says: "The origin of the name Balearcs is a mere matter or conjecture, and the reader may choose any or the derivatives usually offered with about an equal chance or' not be ing right. On the other hand, it is oh 1 vious that tne name Majorca. (v.

in' Spanish Mallorca), and Minorca (in Spanish, Menor ca), arc obtained from the Latin inaior and minor, older Ebusus, while Iviza is plainly the a name of, probabiv ginian origin. The Ophiusa of the Greeks i (colubraria of the Romans) is now known as i Formentera." i The Caroline Islands are a widely scattered archipelago in the Pacific Ocean, east of Philippines and north of Now Guinea, between 3 and 11 degrees north latitude' and 133 and 137 degrees east longitude. The group is divided into the Western. Contra: and Eastern Carolines. The western group' whicii are better known as Pe.e Pelle.v or I'aluu islands, have a total area of 316 square miles, and are nearly encircled Viy a coral reef.

The principal islands in this group are Babel tliaup. 275 miles; Carare, Uruedzapel, Jaraccog, or Errukong! Kiaogie, Eimelius, IY liew and Angour or Nagaur. Other islands south of Babel ihaup are culled the Errekeitin. The surface of these islands well wooded and the soil fertile, and bread fruit, cocoanuts. oranges, bananas, e.c.

grow in abundance. Ca. tie' sheep and p'gs have been Introduced, and there are plenty of birds and fish. Th(: are a dark, colored race, showing trace of both Muiay and Papuan blovd. "Not only the separate inlands, oven the villages form independent, eo opera: ve repun.ics, the iMicyeiop.jd.a Itr.tar.n.

ca. Tiie cn pi i iillar horgoli, kind cr and fensc. The Instittijon the ration for ai have oir.bborg.i,;.s iisscs a citis.Uerao,... of their wn, atM vis. share of peilitiea.

The natives use age. They have five k. nized curre r.c", tnaoe of which an? o. llcved origin, and the population vncito of re eog in tt il.vln. thin group seems rapid.

The Gen.r.i! Carol inns, or Car oinr cir.siat of at. groups, a tgre gating 400 or f00 inlands. The iarge.it Malan, Puyuipu and Hug. have a area of fitbout 310 square tniies. The area of the othem is about twenty square mhos.

Tho Ngoli group lies to the northeae; of the and of solid people made of flesh and blood. All these faults are readily excused because the artists lived during the infancy of painting. But may there not a time come when the majority of connoisseurs will tax Puvis de Chavannes with what Edmund About said about him, that he took to that manner because he had not taken time to learn how to draw? There is much charm in his mural work; hut notice what daubs his imitators make of their pictures? No one is able to follow his school; and from that are we not led to infer that his art belongs to no school, that it is not even a new genre? So much for his mural paintings. His smaller framed pictures do not count. The poor fisherman, hung in the Luxembourg, will always be qualified with the word "poor," bringing to mind a meaning which was never admitted by the artist nor by his admirers.

In a time not far off, the whole of the Latin Quarter and its envirous will consist of studios, public and private. Quite a number of new art schools have opened with the school year, two of which will interest Brooklyn, particularly as they were founded by Brooklynites and Whistler. In the Rue Notre Dame des Champs, in which are the picturesque gardens and corners which. I have often described, while in my rounds to artists, opposite the great solemn convent of the Sacre Coeur, is a small that is, a street without an issue. and it is there where the house stands to which flock the students of sexes who wish to learn art under the tuition of Mac jn.ona.ies and Whistler.

Both go there to teach, twice a week. Although it was a holiday when I visited the studio, the room tor the painting was full of busy students, very attentively at work before a graceful model clad in a Japanese dress. The studio for sculpture is down below and In it were several clay sketches which testified that a number of students were busy at work outside of holidays. I should infer from the visit that painting students were more aEsiduous than those in sculpture, for, holiday or no holiday, they are always at work. "And do the two masters take great interest in their pupils?" said I to the directress, more from the desire to say something than from ignorance of what the answer would be.

"Oh, yes, indeed; they are both born teachers. Whistler closely examines the work ot each student and is very scrupulous in his criticisms. And not only is Macmonnles interested, but he seems to enjoy teaching. He will sometimes remain tare hours in the correcting the work and giving good advice to the pupils." "Have you many pupils?" "They are daily increasing. We have now fifty five.

The names of the professors act like magic. We have not only students who wish make art their profession, but society women, who come to work as punctually and who work as hard as the others. But we do not encourage those much, Tor the masters desire to make a most serious school ot this and 'to have students who mean work." The other school, very near by, was found ed by Mr. Gihon. This studio, I understand, has existed a couple of years, but it has opened this year under favorable auspices.

It goes under the name of a serious and tranquil school, and with great advantages. It desires to be in opposition to large public studios, in which the students are too numerous to be under special tuition and in which there is too much doing as one pleases. Professor Renaudot is the teacher in the Gihon school, and from the little chat I had with him, I inferred that he meant business with the pupils in his classes. "Ia those immense schools of art," said Professor Renaudot to me, "it is impossible for the teachers to give special attention to each pupil. They generally select the most gifted and let the others go.

Now the ones excited with strikes, the presence of the army in the streets, the discussion of ihe Dreyfus revision in the Couit ot Cassation, that it forgot to be polite with strangers. I hope that the 'French during the world's fair will be in their normal state, not suffering from nervousness and making themselves disagreeable to ail tneir guests. Mrs. Robert A. Burch and daughter and Mise Katharine Van Cott Stebbins are in Paris for a few weeks.

They intend to spend the winter in Dresden for musical cultivation. They are right not to remain in Paris for that purpose, for musical cultivation consists as much in MURAL PAINTING AT THE hearing good music as in the attempt to master it. and Parisians patronize good music so little that concert directors are obliged to go abroad to give good music. They play here to empty benches. EMMA BULLET.

PADEREWSKI. Paderewski has become the happy owner of a handsome villa near Lausanne. He is addife to it a cow stable, so that he and his son may continue the milk cure which has been so beneficial to the latter. But there is also a cellar well stocked with 10,000 bottles of wine and a quantity of klrsch twenty ytars oid. So Paddy won't die ot thirst or biliousness from partaking of 'too much lait.

The great player's hair quite as luxuriant as it was three years ago. and he matches it better than then, having several pounds to his feather weight. When Rosenthal is in one country, or capital, Paderewski stays out of it. They never meet by any chance, and if they did, they would not speak as they passed by. Next year, when Rosenthal leaves the States, Paderewski promises to come again and make another fortune for himself.

So glad. Boston Herald. x..