The Brooklyn Daily Eagle from Brooklyn, New York • Page 12

THE BROOKLYN DAILY EAGLE. NEW YORK. WEDNESDAY. MARCH 1. 1903.

12 ECHO Oh EAGLE CANVASS ii to prevent th granting, rrciv.i.jc or li'ttinc of oy rhatK. eo ions or di-rriraiuat ions wn1r ptnalty of fln-i ranRlnn from $1 to for cah onVnw. boili Washington. The chief of artillery is made an additional member of the general at a (I with the rank of brigadier general. It mill be noted that this a carefully rec the Governor of the state or territory.

This new militia law. though imperfect and incomplete in pome respecis, is such an immense Improvement over ihe ancient and obsolete an it replares that li appears ungracious to ioint out its d-tcds at this ship rnmranies may be held responsible for the cost of deporting aliens improperly admitted. The period was formerly one year and hdS been extended to two years. A provision is also enacted Into law by which a steamship company may be fined lino, in the A ttle past session, but was never heard from again after it reached the Senate. No other of the many propositions to amend Ihe Constitution so much as received the nonor of being reported back lo the branch of Congress into which thy had been introduce! Iiv their ambitious authors.

IN THE SHORT SESSION. early day after its enactment. Time will disclose them and it may u- hoped that Con- If the lain is sail that the officers of a gress will take a wiser and more active certain company micht have discovered the course hereafter in regard to the national inadmissibility of an alien on account of defense. Including the mtliiia forces of the i suffering from dangerous or contagious dis-country. than it has done In the past.

In I c.ts if a careful examination at the point the meantime, there is a valuable lesson in I of hud Leen made, our militia legislation for those impatient Live Steele Bill Fails of Passage. souis wno want what they regard as wrongs and evils, social, commercial and political, remedied without delay, and all sorts of re- forms in manners, customs and hublts wrought Instanter. It requir unceasing efforts extending over a century to make OUr militia system Conform to the needs Of the country and to the changed conditions of warfare. The new law gives, or ought to give, us an excellent second line in the organized and a good third line In the unorganized militia, the regular Army forming the first line and nucleus of our whole defensive system on land. Immigration Bill Passed.

One ot Iho surprises of the last days of Congress was the passage of the immigration bill. It was one of the measures that nearly i every one supposed had been picked out by was fathered in the House by Represen-the Republican leaders for sacrifice, and its tative Maun of Chicago, and was apparently doath notice had been prepared in advance of I indorsed by the Chicago stock yards people. i the grantor and reHpim of tuirb faors ttetnic cqujilly liable to the penally, Th corporation common rarrior Itself, as tli ai any dtrrtor or officer, or any re- eiver. trustee, lessee, agent or person act tni! for or employed iy sucn corporation, la; name me lun). .1 corporal mil rum- mon rrior i required 10 file and publish its carina, rmrs ana marges, anti any wui-i ful failure to rio so if punishable by the Ann dated.

The duly of enforcing this law ia devolved upon the Interstate Commerce Commission. The weak point aboul this particular measure is that it penalizes by fine only, abolishing imprisonment wherever now or heretofore prescribed is pan of the pen-i alty. It la not impossible, not even tmprob-i able, that where a corporation common car- rier can see its way clear to a profit greater than the maximum fine It will yield to the temptation to violate the law, knowing that even if caught it can pay the fine and still be ahead of the game, where if the particular officer, director, agent or other employe of corporation that granted the ro-baie, concession or discrimination was made to suffer Imprisonment, in addition to a fine of himself or of the corporation, or of both, he would not be so apt to lake any chances. The measures reviewed constitute the anti-trust legislation of the Fifty-seventh Congress, all enacted at the short session. The Llttlefield anti-trust bill, which was so drastic in its provisions that it might Justly be styled a bill to destroy the trade, commerce and Industrie of the United States, passed the House without a negative vote, under the whip and spur of supposed public sertimenl.

Drastic as it was. It failed to satisfy the trust smashers of the Senate Judiciary Committee, to which it was referred when it reached the north wing of the Capitol. I'nder the lead of Senator Hoar, chairman of the committee, the bill was reported back to the Senate amended so bb to make It far more radical than It was when it left the House. Attorney General Knox, speaking for Ihe administration, has expressed satisfaction with the laws enacted relative to trusts. There is no reason why he and the administration should not be satisfied with what Congress has done, for the law to expedite cases under the anti-trust, laws, the Klkins anti-rebate law and the Nelson publicity amendment to the law creating the Department of Commerce and Labor are directly in line with the suggestions of the Attorney General.

It is true that the measures which have become laws for the supervision and regulation of tTusts do not, go to the length the President proposed when he was stumping the country as a candidate for Vice President in 1HO0, nor yet so far as he did in his speeches in his memorable swing around a limited circle last year. No attempt was made to reach the trusts through the tariff. Of course, any such legislation that did not fail In its object and which would smash the trusts would drag along in its train industrial depression and financial disaster that would precipitate a commercial criBis and that, would bring even professional trust busters to their senses. Neither w-as any effort made to secure ihe submission to the slates of an amendment to the Constitution conferring upon Congress additional and extraordinary powers In regard to corporations, practically abrogating state rights so far as they are concerned. It is hardly likely that any such amendment will ever be submitted.

Certainly not until it is admitted on all sides that the powers of Congress as they exist under the Constitution as It is have been exhausted in vain, and the people as a whole are determined that a limit shall be set upon the amount of business a number of persons Joined together as a corporation may do. Importance of the New Department. With the establishment of Ihe Department of Commerce and Labor the number of Cabinet, officers is nine, one more than double the number that, sat around Washington's council board. The new department will be one of the largest and most im portant branches of the executive arm of tne government, it. win ihkc irom "ne Treasury Department, the following: Tlie Lighthouse Hoard and lie I.lclithous Establishment.

The Steamboat Inspection Prvire. The Hnreaii of Navigation. The I'nited states shipping Commissioners. The National Bureau of Manila pis. Thee I 'oast all.

Survey. The Commissioner lie-nernl and Itlircau of Immigration and everything else prr'aitilng to the tlrmilKiHtion service. The lturoou of statistics. From the Interior Department: The Census Office. Front the State Department: The Kureau of Foreign Commerce.

Independent bureaus placed under Its Jurisdiction: The Tr-ftrt nient of T.abnr. Tim l-'isli Commission. New bureaus created: Th of I 'orporat Ions. The Ittufiiu of Manufactures. The Bureau of Statistics, which crimes to the new department from the Treasury, and the Bureau of Foreign Commerce, which comes from the State Department, are to be consolidated and lo be known as the Bureau of Statistics.

Heside the foregoing, the new department is to have Ihe jurisdiction now possessed by the Treasury Department over the fur seal, salmon, and other flshetien of Alaska. Finally it Is provided tout the Larg Amount of Business Trans i acted and Many Important Bills Passed. FOUR ACTS BEARING ON TRUSTS. Measure to Increase Efficiency of Army and Militia Notable Acts of Omission. Eagle Bureau, fins Fourteenth Street.

'Washington. March 4 The short session of the Fifty-seventh Congress, which closed to-day. was notable for the amount, of btisi-Bfsa transacted and for the number of Important measures that have become laws. It is true as a general rule that not much legislation of national interest is enacted at the final or short session of a Congress. Yet it.

has sometimes happened that some of the most vital and far-reaching laws that are to be found upon the statute books of the I'nited States were enacted at short sessions. One reason why more legislation of this character is not enacted at these short sessions is found In the brief time they are In session throe months, less two weeks' vacation at the holidays. Another reason is that the two houses of Congress are frequently controlled by different and antagonistic political parlies, and sometimes when one party controls both houses the chief executive belongs to the other, either condition operating to prevent the enactment of partisan or political legislation. In review ng the legislation of the short session the Fllty-sevonth Congress it. is proper that, the acts bearing more or less directly oci trusts precedence.

It is too late in the day to call mention to the fact that the word "trust'' has been violently wrenched out of its proper meaning and made jo apply to any considerable combina tion of capital, no matter how invested or employed, provided it is done under the form of a corporation of any kind. Four acts have been passed affecting these combinations to which the word trust is usually applied. The first of these has for its purpose the expediting of the hearing and determination of suits in equity pending or hereafter brought under any acts now in force, or any having a like purpose that may be hereafter enacted, upon the certificate of the Attorney Ceneral that, in hlr, opinion, the case Is of general public importance. Directly related to this act, as well r.s to anti-trust legislation generally, is a provision embraced in the general deficiency bill authorizing the President to appoint an assistant to the, Attorney General at a salary of 37.000 a year. and an additional Assistant Attorney General at a salary of $5,000 a year, these salaries to be liaid out of the SiOO.000 appropriated for the enforcement of the anti-trust and further, the Attorney General Is authorized to appoint and employ, without reference to the rules and regulations of the civllj B'rvice.

two confidential clerks at the rate of a year each. it is provided that assistant to the Attorney General and the new assistant attorney general shull perform such duties as may be assigned to them by the Attorney General. hey will, of course, be assigned to the task of looking especially after the enforcing of the anti-trust laws. Thus, for the first time the Attorney General is pru-Tided with the necessary funds and machinery for carrying out ami compelling the observance of the laws to regulate commerce pud to protect trade and commerce against unlawful restraints and monopolies. The latter is known generally as the Sherman anti-trust law.

The name is something of a misnomer, because the bill originally Introduced by the late John Sherman and favorably reported by him to the Senate from the Finance Committee, of which he was chairman, was, after some discussion in the Senate, referred to lite Judiciary Committee, of which former Fenntor Kdmittuls of Vermont was then chairman. The Inner committee framed an amendment in the nature of a substitute, which Fdmutnls reported to the Senate and which was enacted into law. Sherman's name stuck to it. though it bore little, if any, resemblance to the measure drafted and reported by Sherman. It Is well known that lie preferred his own measure and voted for the Judiciary Committee's substitute with marked reluctance.

It is worth while mentioning here that In a letter written this year, former Senator Kdmunds says he thinks the Judiciary Committee was (and in this opinion ho appeal's lo be confirmed by Senator Vest I "nnani- -lv of the onliilnn that the hill it re" ed was in of itVg e-'a cone of ih Si .1, i ov mou porle. an exercise of the whole constitutional pow er of Congress, which could only legislate for the freedom and regulation of commerce with foreign nations and among the several stales." lie and I am of the same opinion still." He then says; "The only difficulty with ihe bill we reported and which became law. was the want of admin, istraiion: that is to say. that the law was and is entirely capable of pun leg an end to such so-called trusts and such combinations as Interfere with or restrain commerce among the statcM. if the officers of the government having charge of the enforce, nient of the law understand their duty and are willing to do It, being, of course, supplied with sufficient means to put It In force." In conclusion he says: "What is needed Is not so much more legislation as competent and earnest administration of the laws that exist.

I have no doubt that. I be present Attorney General and his very able assistants will find easy means. If supplied with the necessary funds, to arrest the progress and undo the nile hirvnits work of sueh great and Injurious cnmbttiHtinns as have so largely come into recent existence." Well Congress has at last provided the means and supplied the funds to enable the Attorney (ieneral and his "very able assistants" to go ahead with any eases they csn make out agHinst any trust or trusts either under the law Kdmunds helped frame or those enacted this winter. The act to establish the Dipantnent of Commerce and Labor creates new bureau, to be called the hureaii of Corpnrr.ilotib, with a commissioner as Its Immediate executive head, thouirli subject to the direction ami control ot tne Moe-reiary or commerce i i ognises the fact that ihe I'resident is the eoiiKtfmiona! commandt-r of the Army, as he is of the Navy and of the militia of the several states hcn called into the actual service of the I'nited States, a fact that has prletlcally lost sight of in some of .1.1 on affect nr loililurv oslah sh meitt in the past. It Is provided that the act shall take effect on August 15 of this year.

exactly one week after Lieutenant General Miles. Commanding General of the Army, will retire because of age. An Act to Promote Efficiency of the Miliia. Another measure of vast importance 4o the national defense enacted Into law at this short session 'a the act to promote the efficiency or the militia. This or similar action by Congress has been badly needed for a century.

The militia law that stood upon the statute books until repealed by the en-actment of the measure approved on January 21 last was in the light of the advances made In military matters through the introduction of steam, electricity and arms of precision, ridiculously obsolete and a standing reprcarh to the American people and their lawmakers. It Is sufficient to quote a few ot the provisions of the militia law enacted In iV.2, and which, with no material change, encumbered the statute books until the 21st dtty of the past month, a period of 110 years. The eighteenth century militia law required each militiaman to "be constantly provided with a good musket or firelock, of a bore sufficient for balls of the eighteenth part of a pound, a sufficient bayonet and belt, two spare flints and a knapsack, a pouch with a box therein to contain not less than twenty-four cartridges, suited to the bore of his musket or firelock, each cartridge to contain a proper quantity of powder and ball: or with a good rifle, knapsack, shot pouch and powder horn, twedy balls suited to the bore of his rifle and a quarter of a pound of powder." Each commissioned officer was required to "be armed with a sword or hanger and spontoon." A "hanger" was a short, curved sword, and a "spontoon" a kind of half pike or halberd, with a short handle and which was formerly borne by inferior officers of the British Infantry and used to give signals to the soldiers. A "halberd" was a long-handled weapon, with a metallic head, ii, sharp point, and several cutting edges, either straight or curved. Again, artillery officers were required to carry, beside a sword or hanger, 'a fusee, bayonet and bell, with a cartridge box to contain twelve cartridges." A "fusee" was a light, flintlock musket.

The Presidents and Secretaries of War from Washington and Knox to Van Buren and Poinsett did their best to induce Con-gross lo enact a proper militia law, but. In vain. President Tyler recommended the subject to the attention of Congress in and In 1846, while he was still President, a bill was reported to limit the enrollment of the militia in time of peace to those between the ages of 21 and 30 years, but it. was not passed. Just before the Civil War.

In IStjO, an effort was made In the House to Increase the annual appropriations 'for furnishing arms and equipments to the militia. Among those who urged its passage was Clement L. Vnllandinghatn of Ohio. That effort, like all others up to the present time, failed. After the close of the Civil War.

in the Thirty ninth Congress, renewed efforts were made to accomplish a salutary reform of the militia system, but without success. Beginning with the Forty-fifth Congress constant efforts were made to induce Congress to modernize the militia lnws, and at last success has crowned them. The ne.w militia law provides that "the militia shall consist of every able-bodied male citizen of the respective states, terri tories and the District of Columbia, and every able-bodied male of foreign birth who lias declared his intention to become a citizen, who is more than 1S and less than 45 years of age." The force thus provided Is divided into two classes, the organized militia, or National Guard, and the unorganized, or reserve militia. The usual exemptions from militia duty are made. The President, is authorized to cull out a part, or the whole of the militia for a period not to exceed nine months, "whenever the Fnited States Is Invaded, or In danger of invasion from any foreign nation, or of rebellion against the authority of the government of the I'nited States, or the President is unable, with the other forces at his command, lo execute the laws of the Union in any part thereof," for the purpose of repelling the invasion, suppressing the rebellon or executing tbe laws.

He issues "his orders for that, purpose to such officers of Ihe militia as be may think proper." A vital provision oT tbe law is the following: "That any officer or enlisted man of the militia who shall refuse or neglect to present himself to the mustering officer of the I'nited States upon being called forth as prescribed by the law shall be subject to trial by court-martial and shall be punished as such coui't-niiit'tlal may direct." The militiH forces in the acltnl service of the I'nited States are made subject to the same rules and articles of war as the regular troops, hut rouris-marl inl for Ihe trja officers and men of the mlliiin when Uo employed iust be composed of militia officers only. The I'nited Siatrs. through the Secretnrv I azine arms, accoutrements and equipments 1 as nre required for the Army of the i'nited States, the same lo remain the properly of itb.e United Stales and be annually accounted for by the governors of the stales and ler i ritories to or in which thev are issued i The organized militia are to be permitted requ-st of the governor of the state or territory, to participate In Ihe encamp- Ftate nient, maneuvers and field Instruction of nny i par' of tbe regular Army at or near a 11 1 Now Method of Obtaining Officers for Any Volunteer Force. Another vital provision, and one that proposes an entirely new method of obtaining officers for nny volunteer force other than organized 'militia, hereafter called for under the authoriti- nf Con- gress, is contained in section of the act In quesilon. It authorizes the Secretary of War to convene boards of officers at convenient Array posts in different parts of the United States to examine as to their qualifications for the command of troops or the performance of staff duty all applicants who shall have served In the regular Artuv of i i states.

In any of the volunteer Th rPror, 0l the previous servic of the Hiil linnt is to be considered as a part of n( 0 vnTnnHt n. The hoard Is to report iI( judgment as to the Illness of snrli appll- illnK anv I him nil n.l the nsme. nf pprsIm lo be qualified are io be I ho.l tn reulsler lo lie boot In I The registered consiliute all eligible lines for commissions, subject examination at the lime eny mliiiitcer force herrafier called for and organized under ihe authority of Congress other than one composed of organlzee milt tla. 'Ihe President may authorize anv one embraced in this eligible list to attend anv military school or college of the Unlteel States other than the Military Academy at West Polni. I nder thin sei'tlon no one is to receive a commission as second lleiitenHni after fichus paired Ihe age of or firt lieutenant a'trr or captain aP'T 4fi.

or umjnr after or Heme nam colonel afie'r or colonel Mttor Such appointments are to be ells. I 1 1 1 1 1 C-1 1 1C ir I Ot I I "SS lleflr HN tltH i be." among the rations slate, contributing I sin volunte er lor-e, but such appointments are not to made In any cniupHiiv. hut fry. troop, battalion or regiment of die oraanlred militia which volunteer ss a body or the officers of which are appointed Teachers' Belated Postal Cards ConflY Accuracy of the Figures Printed Sunday. One hundred and sixteen postal cards, which were sent to teachers last week by the Fagle in its postal card canvass on tho question of whether women In Brooklyn desire the appointment of women ss superintendents In the school system, were returned io the Easle office late yesterday afternoon and this morning.

Th? cards were posted on Saturday or Sunday. Tbe teachers who sent the cards had evidently not seen the results of the canvass when they mailed the cards, or, if they had, they made no comments on It. Of those who sent the cards received to day, 67 stated that they opposed the appointment of women as associate superintendents and declared that they favored the appointment of women to this position; 09 voted in opposition to the appointment of women as district superintendents, and 57 in favor of women for the position; 74 voted for women as principals of schools and 4t against women as principals. jne majority of these cards had written on them one large "Yes" or one large "No." An inquiry at the Post Office. established the fact that they had been collected in various parts of the borough.

Tbe explanation was inaoe that perhaps tho cards were mailed in the suburbs, which would account for tho tardy delivery. It will be noted by comparing the above figures with the figures in Sunday's Eagle, where the full returns of tho canvass were printed, that the percentage in all three votes is nearly the same. There is a slight difference in the vote of the three questions, but on tne question whether the teachers favor the apnointment of women as superintendents the ratio is surprisingly similar. The figures given to-day are simply a confirmation of the accuracy of the figures printed on Sunday. For the past two days the result of the canvass has been a leading topic of discussion among the teachers in all parts of the borough.

Alany of the teachers have not hesitated about stating how they voted, while other have been careful to conceal what they said. II, has been a general Impression among some of the teachers who have been seen that, it might not be fortunate for them if it were known how they had voted on the question. The sentiment has been that perhaps Dr. Maxwell might be offended at the freedom with which the teacher expressed their sentiments. The frtct that the identity of the teacher was not disclosed was a large factor in tho canvass and gives greater assurance as to the accuracy of the expression of the sentiment of the teachers than nearly any other thing could give.

Some of the teachers were this morning how they voted. The question was asked out of curiosity and not for tha purpose of using the answer for print. The answer was in every instance: "Well, I don't think 1 11 tell you. I voted just, as I thought and no one knows how that was. I would not have my name used in the matter for anything." BIG STABLE FOR CITY.

It Will Be Erected at Flushing, Graham and Kent Avenues. Commissioner Woodbury of the Street Cleaning Department announced yesterday that the city has acquired the plot of with the exception of one little lot, bounded by Graham, Kent and Flushing avenues and Little Nassau stroet. Tbe plot will be used for the erection of a big stable, storage room and workshop for the department. The plot is 169 feet long and 187 feet deep. Commissioner Woodbury has asked for $120,000 with which to build this stable.

Heretofore the: stables have been scattered in different parts of tho city, and there wa3 not adequate accommodation for the horaes. I-ust year the department lost 159 horses, hich contracted diseases in bad barns. The lot which has not been secured is one on which an Italian used live, and there is some trouble ove; the inheritance which the Corporation Counsel expects to adjust through litigation soon, and tho erection of the building will begin In a few weeks. SICK OF MONTAUK BILL. Senator Brackett Protests Against Continuing Hearings on Indian Measure.

(Special to the Eagle.) Albany, March 4 The Montauk Indian bill came in for somo discussion in the Senate yesterday when Senator Brackett, chairman of the Judiciary Committee, moved that the bill, which had been recommitted to his committee for another hearing during his absence, be reported forthwith and take Its place oa tho calendar. He said that it might not be generally known that this bill had been here for years, and that tho Judiciary Committee had listened to every possible argument on the matter, not for hours, but for days at a time. "I seems to me that It would bo cruel and Inhuman treatment to require the committee to listen to more arguments," said Senator Brackett. He asked that permission be given to report the bill out forthwith. In response to a request by Senator Bailey ho finally agreed to give another hearing to-morrow.

This bill seeks to give tho Indians a standing in court and to empower them to bring suit for trial lands on Long Island. TRYING TO ESCAPE SING SING. Convicted Government Contractor to Appeal to U. S. Supreme Court.

B. C. Anderson, who was accused of attempting to defraud the government on a Navy Yard contract for some brass castings, two years ago, and afterward tried by Jury, was convicted and sentenced to one year at Sing Sing, was up before Judge Thomas in the United Steles Circuit Court yesterday anil secured a stay in tho execution of the commitment until Monday. He has already vainly appealed bis case to the Circuit Court where the decision of the lower court was sustained and is now endeavoring secure a hearing before the United States Supreme Court. Pending a final decision he has been out on ball and gave new ball yesterday In the sum of $10,000.

Ills original conviction was based on the testimony of Lieutenant W. Van Nest Powel-son. at that time assistant equipment officer at ihe yard and to whom. It is alleged, he had offered a bribe of $2,000 to pass certain fraudulent bills. MORE ROOM FOR NEW THEATER.

Syndicate Buys Parcel at 653 Fulton Street for $25,000. The syndicate that will build the theater on Fulton street and Ashland place yester-, day signed a contract with the Christian estate for the purchase of the building at 053 Fulton stre'et nn a plot 25xft0. This property adjoins the 25 feet front on Fulton street, that was bought ten days ago from the estate of Martin Maus. There will now be room for a very wide entrance to the projected theater. The price ot Ihls parcel was about $25,000.

AM MON CASE GOeToVER. Owing to the Illness In his family, Referee Tllney was unahlo to be present. In the federal bankruptcy court yesterday, to hear arguments Iu the Atnmon bankruptcy matter that has grown out of the Miller Syndicate affair. An indefinite postponement was taken. D.

W. HEINBOCKLL BANKRUPT. A peil'tion in bankruptcy wsa filed In Ihe Fnlied Ktaies District Court Monday ar-ternoon by Dietrich lieinboekel. Manhattan avenue. Asseis of $2,402 are scheduled, with lltibilliles amounting to THIRTIETH WARdTeAGUE.

A meeting of Hie rily I hebonrne District of the Improvement league of ih Thirtieth Wnrd ulll be held Ihls evening 4ji yij. ly-nfih street, cluck. discrtior. of the Secretary of the Treasury lhp on Journnient of Congress lo-iluy was Ihe meas. lire that proposed lo increase the number ot hours that live Block mar be lawfully routined in transit without unloading for or water.

The measure slipped ,1. Jlniou. wiihnot ila nrovlsinns kn0wn. but was buried deep under a pile of protests in the Senate Committee on Judiciary. The bill was drawn iu the interests of the ranch owners of New Mexico and Texas, and proposed to permit confinement oa cars of cattle for forty hours, instead of twenty-eight hours, as now authorized.

This change in the law would enable cattle owners in the extreme South-vest to pack a train full of animals and send them clear to Chicago without a stop for rest or food or water. The bill Coinage System in the Philippines. The bill to establish a standard of value and to provide for a coinage system In the Philippine Islands has become law. As It originally passed the House it established a straight American currency system for the archipelago, with the American gold dollar as the unit of value. This plan was opposed by Governor and the whole Philippine Commission, as well as by all the commercial and business Interests of the Islands.

The Senate accepted the view that those on the' ground understood the needs of the Islands better than a number of wise men 10.000 miles away, most of whom had never seen the Islands. Tho measure, as it finally became law, makes the unit of value In the Philippine Islands "the gold peso, consisting of twelve and nine-tenths grains of gold, nine-tenths fine." That is, the gold peso of the Philippines is to contain exactly one-half the amount of gold that the gold dollar of the Fnited States contains. The gold coins of the I'nited States, at the rate of $1 for 2 pesos, are made legal tender for all debts, public and private, in the Philippine Islands. A silver peso of the weight of till grains, nine-tenths fine, is also provided, of which the government of the Philippine Islands is authorized to coin not exceeding 75,000,000, and such silver peso is made legal tender in the Philippines for all debts, public and private, unless otherwise specifically provided by contract. Other silver coins, known as cenlavos, are also authorized to be coined In denomina tions of 50, 20 and 10 ccntavoa, containing, respectively, one-hnlf, one-fifth and one-tenth as much silver, nine-tenths fine, as the sliver peso.

The rest, of the act relates to the means of maintaining the silver peso ai pur with the gold peso and to administrative details. Measure to Kfllieve Distillers. Certain special interests that contribute largely to the revenues of the government received favorable consideration at the hands of Congress this winter. Thus, tho distillers are to be permitted hereafter to leave their product in bond for eight years before they will be required to take it out and pay the tax thereon. It is said the distilleries, especially those of Kentucky that make fine whiskies, are suffering from a bad case of over-production and had to have relief or go Into bankruptcy.

Their trouble is said to date from the time the drinking of Scotch whisky became a fad in this country, owing partlyi to the fact that some ten years ago it leaked out that, the late Queen of England was advised by her physician to drink diluted Scotch whisky, instead of wine, on the ground that the smoke flavored usquebaugh was more healthful than the product of the vine, particularly for one with a gouty ten. drncy: partly because It was something new and the rest because about that, time there grew up in this country a widespread distrust, of the purity of American whiskies. What, was the American distillers' loss was the Scotch distillers' gain and thev were not slow to profit by it. Hence the demand of the former for relief. Tho Independent tobacco concerns of the country made a fight at this session to have Congress prohibit the packing ot coupons in bags of smoking tobacco, the affixing of lags on plug chewing tobacco and the placing of wrappers about cigars, all of litem being redeemable in artic les of value, and also the use of the fronts of cigarette boxes for the same purpose.

The Independent tobacco manufacturers complained that tlicy could not compete with the Araerte-an Tobacco Company, commonly called Ihe tobacco trust, as long as this practice was allowed. However, the trust managed to defeat, the bill and Hie tobacco tag business. will go merrily on. So great has It grown that, here In Washiugion what Is called the Fiordilorn. Tag Company has rented the ground floor of a large building Just off Pennsylvania avenue, the main thoroughfare of the city, for the purpose of redecmin'; to-bace-o tags, coupons, wrappers and box fronts.

On their big show windows is the legend: "No goods sold. Everything given away." An act of public import, though directly affecting only a limited class, is the one to fix the salaries of certain judges of the Fnited States. It. increases the; salary of the chief Justice of the I'nited Slates from to sn.ooo a year. Hint of each associate justice of the Supreme Court of the Fnited Stales from lo a year, lhat.

of each of the Circuit Judges from JB.iion to J7.OU0 a year, that of each elis-trlct Judge from J5.000 io Jii.000 a year, that, of the chief Justice of the Court of Claims from $1.5110 to a year, that or each of the other judges thereof from to Jii.oot) a year, and that of the chief justice and each associate itistice of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia from J5.0H0 to a year. Notable Acts of Omission, The acts of omission of the short session are quite as notable as Its acts of commission; or, in other words, its record of positive action Is equaled by lis record of negative acil in. There is a considerable Hal of Important measures that have been killed so far as the Fifty-seventh Congress is concerned, most of them In committee, but at lecisi two tn open Senate. These two are the Llttlelield anti-lrtisi bill with the radical amendments put on it by the Senate Judiciary Committee under the lead of Senator Hoar. Senator Blackburn of Kentucky, who is now as much opposed to trusts as he was a few years ago lo the gold standard, and whose Ignorance of that subject, caused a gold standard friend to say of him that bis Ignorance must have been horn with him, for It was so deep and dense and profound that he could never have acquired It, Insisted on a vote upon the question of the consideration of the I.ililctield bill.

The motion was lost by a strict party vote, except that Me Comas of Maryland and Nelson of Mlnue- sola voted with the Democrats against their own party on the flimsy excuse thnt they had voted In committee In favor of reporting the bill to the Senate. Thus they sought to appear more upright than Senator Hoar, who reported the bill to the Senate, hut who ted against Its consideration at the lime because ihe only result of lulling It up then would have been to obstruct and delay more essential measures, ihe only object of Blackburn's motion being to manufacture a Utile rhenp political capital. The statehood bill also failed In open Senate, and It falleel simply because it never had a positive and aggressive majority he. bind It. Majorities 111 legislative bodies made up of different political parties are fluid as a rule.

The only bill thai was bitterly fought iiinl finally passed by a mixed majority in recent years was the one to repeal ihe purchasing clause of the so calbd Sl'vor act, mi 'cot eight or ten weeks to gel that majority lo the sticking point. The prolonged elforl lo pass, or rather. It should be said, to defeat the omnibus statehood bill, did not prevent the passage of number of important and salutary meas ures, us the foregoing review abundant!) 1 11 however, help to defeat some I measures or doubtful value. Among Hie discussed legislation thnt was the lliinna-Frve-Orosvennr Ship Subsidy bill. It passed ihe Senate at the past session, but was held In the Committee on the Merchant Mnrlne nf the House, of hleh lienertil (irosvener Is chairman, until the dying dais of this Congress, when If tnei wiih Its predeji Ined death ai Ihe hands of thai count! 1 1 1 ee hich refused lo orebT It reported to Ihe House.

A ptoposeel anieneinient lo the 1'nnsflittllnn providing for ihe election of I'nited Slates Scnairs by popular vole the House at Despite the talk of tariff revision last summer and fall, including the creation of a tariff commission, the subject was not so much as hinted at during this session. The proposed eight hour law. which provided that no person employed by the government or upon a government contract should lie "required or permuted" to work more than eight hours a day. falleel. The proposition that no man should be permitted to work more than eight hours a day ir he wanted to.

thus enabling him to increase his earnings and Improve his condition, was the direct cause of its defeat. It was held that this inhibition meant the creation of a permanent laboring class and condemned (hose horn to It to remain In It with never a chance to rise above it. The bills to regulate the issuance of injunctions by federal courts failed. It is found to be much easier to talk about limiting the power of the courts in this respect than to do it without at the same time largely destroying the usefulness of the Judiciary. The same failure attended the propositions to define contempts of court and regulate the punishment therefor.

The efforts to secure the payment of some millions of cotton claims growing out of the Civil War failed again, as it has done at every Congress for some dozen or twenty years- The bill introduced In the House and favorably reported back to It from the committee on post offices and post roads lo authorize the issuance of "post-check notes" in lieu of all $2 and $5 bills now issued by the United States, except national bank notes, got no farther. The proposed post-check notes arc to be capable of being made payable to a named payee at the option of tbe holder. The object is to provide the people with a ready and safe way of transmitting small sums of money through the malls. It reached the House too late for action at this Congress, but as it. is favored by the postal and treasury officials, it is altogether probable it will become a law next winter.

Taken altogether the short session of Con-greBs that passed into history at noon today, that, being the end of the legislative day of March 3, will compare, for things done and things left undone, very favorably with any other short session of Congress in our legislative annals, and favorably even with most full terms of Congress. The Senate yesterday passed a bill amending a House bill, which provides for the construction of Irrigation ditches in the Island of Hawaii. The bill as amended is general, allowing any company to construct tho ditches. On a yea and nay vote the Senate yesterday refused to take up tho pure food bill 28 to 32. The motion was pressed by Mr.

McCuniber of North Dakota, who has earnestly championed legislation on that topic. It. passed the House, but will fall to become law. Despite the urgent demand made by President Roosevelt in two special messages to Congress the tobacco and sugar Interests and tneir various allies nere able to defeat the Philippine tariff bill. This important measure was proposed to give relief to the stricken Filipinos who have lost their crops and farm animals.

With the defeat of tbe Aldrlch bill all hope for financial legislation was blasted. During the debate on this important measure, and after it became known that its doom was sealed, Senator Elkins of West Virginia (Rep.) said that it was a calamity that the bill had been defeated. He said that the Republican party was responsible for the condition of af fairs in the Senate. For fourteen weeks a majority of the Senate had been kept from voting on the statehood bill. The Aldrlch bill, the Philippine bill and the treaty had been dereatcd by tho filibuster against the statehood bill.

The Republican nartv had been false to its solemn pledges in three successive platforms. He referred to the ac tivity of Senator Alelrich In his leadership to aceompnsn tne defeat of the statehood bill, and while doing so he was digging the grave of tho currency legislation and other important measures. Every time a spadeful of earth was thrown on the statehood bill It was put on the Aldrlch ntll. "This is the first time." he said. "In the history of the Republican party that it resorted to filibustering." He added that he was not ashamed to be in the camp of the Democrats when they were for so just a measure as the statehood bill.

"The minority opposing statehood in this Senate," he declared, "is responsible for all those failures and disasters that are overtaking us and causing us so many regretful tears at this moment." A. B. A. SAVING IN SNOW REMOVAL Superintendent Clarke Compares the Cost This Year With That of Last. Superintendent Clarke or the Street Cleaning Department has prepared a statement, showing the comparative cost of snow removal in Brooklyn last year and for the months of January and February of this year.

Last year 31 inches of snow were removed in Brooklyn, according to Superintendent. Clarke, at a cost of $182,000. This year 25 Inches of snow were removed at a cost of Tii0.000, showing that a saving of $122,000 was effected this year. The snow was moved last year by contractors, but this winter it was collected Biid carted away by trucks, hired by the Street Cleaning Department. According to Superintendent Clarke the Street Cleaning Department, this year could have removed HI Inches of snow, the amount carted from the streets last year at a cost of SIS2.000, for $75.000..

According to Superintendent Clarke's figures it cost twice as much to remove the extra 6 inches of snow carted away last year as It did to remove all Ihe snow that fell this year. Superintendent Clarke sas the results show that the Street Cleaning Department is more capable of removing snow than private contractors. STEINS IN ART. Recent Sales of the Brooklyn Mineral Painters' Society. At the recent sale of sleiDs given by the Brooklyn Society of Mineral Talnters at the residence of Mrs.

(Jove, on South Oxford street, a number of 'neaiitlful steins were shown. Amopg them were two by Mrs. Worth Osgood, the president ot the Brooklyn Society of Mineral Painters. These were a tall stein in soft greens with swans for decoration and a black metallic stein with rooster iu luster. Mrs.

Camp had a brown stein with a monk for decoration. Mrs. Maaterman's stein had cherries for decoration. Mrs. Oove's stein was blue, decorated wiih a Dutch scene.

Mrs. Field's stein had birds as motif. Miss Lienan's stein had A landscnpe in fiat tones. Miss Ande-rson's luster stein showed an ideal head. Mrs.

BlPn cherries for design'. Mr Wintram and Mrs. llnlseley's were decorat ed wiih fruit. Mrs. Moser contributed a gray stein with blue landscape.

Mrs. Warren's steins were In blue and In brown, with monks' heads. Mrs. Crevelling's stein had Itookwood Beets, and a monk's head. Miss Proctor had a stein with a decoration of chestnut hurra.

Mrs. Ford's stein was decorated with hops. Miss Knight exhibited a brown stein with an Ideal head. Mis. Partridge showed a stein having a design of fruit.

TO ABOLISH ROGUES' GALLERY. iSpeclnl to the Faglt.) Albany. March 4-Senator Rlordan of Manhattan yesterday Introduced a bill Intended to abolish the "rogues' gallery" at Police Headquarters. It provides: constant, pellcems't. e.fitclnl nr rtlher prNen connected wtlr In- Pi-llc 1 mrHI I nie-nl nf.

or cxer-eiPlg police power In snv porn ted vlllsffe nr clly, who tliflltcs. extillill. iltpli of to li llooli-, imiltil Mined, elhtliltd or fllpl'd. iie. ee cH pti or nlciiire of hiiv jieiBon clistKcl with sueci ,.,1 of tne e-oni-tnlsston rime code Icil, of ssld lT-on ut ttte commission tiercot by tlie of Ihw.

In Sue' public nr otter luilldlng iniieng Collection ot I'l'MIII's of iS of person I. tli roinlnllrn of crime or of persons lee-d ttte-eeor, who mitnistus. "kliil'lts or dinning, phot. ih or pic- lire In miiv so, li ic Icted ot crlm- tie- t.c.' "I Co Hi- ihalh of said person, MUlli) or il ml "keit' leuor, the adjournment at noon to-day Last, Saturday, however. Senator Fairbanks, chairman of the Senate commit tee on immigration, suddenly culled up the bill during a temporary lull, and after a few amendments had been suggested and accepted, the bill was passed.

It had previously gone through the House, and the conferees from the two Houses immediately got together and agreed on the points of difference in the bills. An agreement was reached yesterday afternoon, and the conference reports were adopted at each end of the Capitol without objection. The bill was enrolled lato in the evening and this morning was signed by President Roosevelt. Most of Its provisions go Into effect at once: in fact, all of them except the sections relating to the naturalization of immigrants suspected of having anarchistic tendencies. This provision, by the way, was tacked on in the Senate after It became apparent there that there was little hope for the passage of the bill for the protection of the President and Vice President, although it has no relation to the rest of the provisions of the immigration measure.

Only a part of the bill for the protection of the President, Vice President and others In the line of presidential succession was hitched on to the immigration bill. The first three or four sections of the Jenkins bill that passed the House were left. out. They included everything that was provided in the way of punishment for persons attacking the President, Viete President and Cabinet officers, as well aB for assaults on foreign ambassadors In the I'nited Stales. II was a surprise that this bill should ha.ve fallen by the wayside, for it got through the Senate and the Joint conference of members of the two Houses agreed on the amendments that had been made in tho Senate.

This conference report was adopted in the House, and It was supposed that It would be adopted in the Senate also without any question. When Senator Hoar called up the report Senator Bacon and Senator Teller asked Ut it It. go over, and It was clear that there wiii'ld be trouble in getting the bill through. Tlvric-npon, the provision requiring strict, examination of all aliens presenting themselves fir naturalization, especially on the question of their views in regard to government, wis hurriedly attached to the immigration bill which was about to be nelopted. The defeat of legislation for tbe protection of the President, is much regretted by tl.cite who spent weeks and months in preparif.g a bill that would accomplish the desired n'ts and not be unconstitutional.

There Is soMc bitterness in the House Judiciary eonimi over the failure of tie bill lit the Scnjlf. and one committee member remarked that, lie supposed It would be necessary tn il another President before Congress would 1-mit that a law to properly punish such'af-fcnites was needed. To Enforce New Immigration Law ut Once. The new Immigration law Is to be enfoiuul at once. Tho first persons to be affected, Uy It are the officers of steamship conipa ii rs engaged ill bringing aliens lo this country.

They will be required lo pay a head tau Df two dollars Instead of one for every Immigrant that they land at. our ports In the future. Tho fund derived from this titxalllin will enable the Secretary of the Treasur.f lo pin Into effect his plan for excluding anarchists from the country. This is nrobhhly one of the most important provisions of tile bill. Section 2 provides that among tile classes of aliens to be excluded from admission to the I'nited States shall be "polj gl-mists, anarchists, or persons who believ.p In or advocate tho overthrow by force or nee of the government' of the Fnited Stiffs or of all government or of all form of law.

sr the assassination of public officials." Tile Secretary is given general authority to enr'y out this section as be sees fit. It Is learned that the Treasury Deptrt-mont proposes to wage the fight against an archists abroad and not at home. They a-re to be sought out in ihcir haunts in the vat i-ous Kuropean cities that are known to lie hotbeds of anarchism and hatred for II forms of government. The ringleaders In spreading this doctrine will be spotted Uy special agents of this government, togovbM with persons who seem tainted by Ihe sane moral dtsc'ise. Information concerning them and their operations will be forwarded lo the Inimigral inn officials at the vnrlois ports of entry In the I'niteel Slates, so that watch tuny be maintained for them at home as well as abroad.

Secretary Shaw will soon Increase lie number of Inspectors In order to carry it this programme. There is no limit lo Cie number of men he may employ for this purpose, and as the increased head tax will ppi-vide ample funds for the work there is no danger that he will he hauillcnppc'd by lack of force. Trained and competent nien w'll he sent to Kurope to look after the details of this most, important work. They will be expected to acquire all possible information In regard lo ihe existence and operation of anarchistic societies, and If possible will become members of them In order lo facilitate their discoveries. It Is not known how many men will be employed on this kind of work, but it is safe to say that at least one will be assigned to each of the Important titles that arc known lo harbor criminals of Ihe Czolgusz lype.

The othT provision of the new law relating to anarchists was taken from the bill to protect the Presielcnt, anil will not become operative until ofter the lapse of ninety days. It prohibits the naturalization of all persons who are opposed to orgnnized government nnd v. ho are members of organizations that aelvncate the assaulting ami killing of government officers. All court officers having Jurisdiction of naturalization proceedings are charged with making diligent Inquiry to see that no person entertaining anarchistic notions of this son Is given Ihe right and privileges of citizenship. wnne tne new law exciueies from the conn try many aliens who were previously en- titled to admission, the restrictions are not sufficient to materially affect the tide of Immigration.

Tbe new classes excluded are epileptics, persons who have been Insane within five years previous to seeking admission, persons who have had two or more Httseits of insanity nl any time previously, anarchists, prostitutes and persons who procure or attempt to bring In prostitutes. The new law makes a big improvement In the manner of enforcing existing statutes In regard lo Immigration. It will provide uniformity lit the administration of the law, whire there has been In the past laxity ami liid'ftefonee. Impectors of Immigrants are robbed of some of their old arbitrary power io admit aliens. Formerly If ail Inspector were to deride that nn alien w.is entitled to lonnl'slnn.

the mnn would oil 11 bout ep, cat ion. Now any Inspector can challenge ihe finding nf nn-otitcr Inspector Hun nn alien Is admissible. this ehallenc v. Ill take the liotnlgraiit beloie lie oill'd of inquiry. The Idea nf Ihls cbntige is to take from a corrupt Insiector powir to pass m.m Into ihe ce.uiiiry under conditleins that would work against a ellsoovrrv of ihe frnud.

Hereafter collusion anions scleral inspectors will be necessary In nrdr to secure the admission of rersom ho sr bnrnd bv the law. A light hsnge I- In (he board of special Inquiry by reducing In members from font to three. An Im-nt io ih old law wa made Wlll'h will I'scc tie effect nf reducing ihe number of dilute, rv si-ps that an open to lli.lelt'llssilde iiltens. This Is Hceompl)sheel by making the icetiut of ibe board of special lneulrv heti it Is ba'-ed on thecer tirtente of the examining surgeon io th' efreel tent Ibe sllcn In question Is snfler-Ing from a l'iehMnne or eliengerous dlsessr. Tie lime Is extrndeel In which the stentn- rresmeni sna.i nave auinority to transter required to furnish Ihe organ-I at.

any time the whole or any part of any of- militia with such standard service mag- nee, bureau, division or other branch of public service engaged in dtatlstleal or scientific work from nny existing executive except, agriculture, to tho Department, of Commerce and Labor. This is a remarkably sweeping provision, i ,0 the President to trans, branches of I Wor I'epai tment. the ship construction or designing and ordnaneo branches of the Navy Department, to the new department, on the ground that they are engaged In scien- tary post or ciimp. the organized militia so tide work, and the office of tho Controller of participating to receive tho same pay, the Currency and the Hureaii of the Mint as 'he regular Army. Officers of the organ-frotn the Treasury Department on the ground zed mllitta.

on the recommendation of their that they are engaged (n statistical work. governors anil the authority of the 'Presl-Of course the law lid no! Intend that any of I dent, will be allowed to attend and pursue the branches named should ever be made a a regulnr course of study at any military part, of the Department of Commerce Btid I school or college of lb" I'nited Slates, and Labor: but the letter nf law appears to While so ejigiigfd shall receive the same authorize such transfer If any President travel allowances and quarters or commu-slio'ild see fit in do so. It serves lllus- tat ion therefor as a regular Army officer, trnie the difficulty of expressing In language i und also a dollar a day as commutation of that neither can be misunderstood nor nils- siibslsience. while In actual attendance upon construed the precise idea that is in the i the course of instruction. minds of the legislators when they frame a law.

The Army Bill. Secretary Hoot succeeded in hsvitig his measure to increase the efficiency of the army by the establishment of a general staff corps made law at the short session. This aw inn nun. in; r- taldMiment In line with the best modern nf army nrgatiO'ation. The dutb of the general staff corps under the net recently passed are to prepare plaus for the nation, si defense and for the mobilization of the military forces in time of war; to investigate stid repert upon all questions affecting the efficiency of the army and It slate of prc.p- anition tor military opcratons: to renoer processional am ain assisianee tti tnt of I'nited Stales or in the orgnn-retary nf War and to general officers and lnnm, whn, Hilicti of the other superior commanders, and to set as shall have attended or pur-thelr aurenta tn informing and co-ordinating I nf instruction In anv the aetlnn of all ihe dlfierent officers who or of the fnlied ate subject, under tbe of the ad In 1 Armv.

or shall have graduated from question, to the supervision of the chief ii to r. and i ne get gives to the conimls- stair; aim io pctrnrni suen niner military on- or Navy has been de-sloner the power and authority io mnkc tics not o'beriso neslgned as may lie from i ns superintendent or' professor after "diligent into the organization, Hme lo time prese rlbed by th, Presldeni pursued he course of trlll-coneluct and management of the business of The corps Is made up nf officers for i tnry T1Biruction' therein provided any eorporn ion. jonu stock company or cor porate combination engaged In commerce among the several states a' with foreign nations, psrrpiuig inninwii earners, anil io gather such informal ion and dxia as will! enable the President to nmko re otnmenilH. lions 13 Congress for legislation for the reg ulation of stieh commerce, and to report such data to the President froiu Htne to time as he shall require, and the informs- i Hon so obtained or as thereof as the President may direct shall he made public." To enable tne commissioner suce cssfully to make such Investigations lino the ntialrs of corporations, Joint siock companies anil rorabiuailons It is provided thai he shall have and exercise the same power and aU' thorltr- ss Is onferred on ihe Interstate Comment Commission. "Including ihe right to subpeoa and compel the attcndaive and testimony of witnesses and the production of documentary evidence anl to administer oaths." Individuals and firms can cany no trade and commerce with foreign nailons and mon the states without being subject to Investigation, se'i'iiiiuy or interfe-renee by this new riuresu of I'orpnrailnris.

Objects of the Elkins Rebate Act. nother anll trusi np-afcurc is ibe ae i "to further regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the states," better known as the Elkins sntl-rcbsie act, lis object i i terms or mtir years, ai tne nei ot wnn period they are to return to the hntnch of the army In which they hold permanent coin. aiei mm mumoi lall until they hac served io years with ihe brnnch of the army in which they are commissioned, except In case of emergency or ill nine ot war. unveri so detailed for service in the g.n- eral staff corps csn be relieved at any time and returned lo the branch of the service in which they hold commissions. The corps Is to be made tip of one chief of siarf and two general officers detailed from among the officers of the Army at laire not Iv low th.

grade of brigadier general: four colonels six lieutenant colonels and twelve majors I detailed from the corresponding grades in the Army at large and twenty captains cle. tailed from the captains or first lieutenants. Tbe chief of statT Is to supcri Isinn, under the direction of the president nr vr. retary en War. the latter acting under the direction of the President, all troops nf the line ntnl of the various stuff corps now In existence, and he Is to perforin the duties r.

iMiiillMIKJHIK general of the Army as a member of the He.srd of Ordnance and Fortification and nf the Hoard of Commissioners ot the Soldiers' Home -that Is. the home for ihe disabled and retired soldiers nf the regular Army, siiu-aied In the northern suburbs of the tv of.