The Brooklyn Daily Eagle from Brooklyn, New York • Page 15

..3 1 SWEDES OF BROOKLYN-THFJR INFLUENCE AND ACTIVITIES THE BROOKLYN DAILY EAGLE. NEW YORK. SUNDAY. OCTOBER 11. the most popular Swedish institution in Brooklyn.

Until I began to write this article. I must confess. I knew nothing of the young Swede, Gustaf Kallman. nor of the orphanage he established on Eighteenth avenue, between Sixty-seventh and Sixty-ninth streets. In this borough, on January 3, 1898.

Gustaf Kallman had a genius for philanthropy. He was born in Karlsboga. Sweden, July 11. 1864. He learned the painter's trade.

He came to Brooklyn in his twenty-ninth year, and while working at his trade be gave all his spare time and monoy to caring for the flotsam and Jetsam of wrecked humanity. The helplessness of abandoned children particularly appealed to him; and Impelled by the example of the Master, of whom he was a devoted follower, ho brought them about him and gave to them of his abundant love and scanty earnings. The story of Kallman's struggles and sublime faith has in it all the elements of a Christian romance, which we yearn for the space properly to recount. At first he found temporary homes for his wards. In time he secured a house on Sixty-seventh street and Twelfth avenue, and to care for this he gave up his trade.

He inspired others with his faith. Through his charming personality he made friends. At length he was able to purchase, with a mortgage attachment, a commodious old house on Eighteenth avenuo between Sixty-seventh and Sixty-ninth streets, and here he set up his Incorporated home. For nearly ten years, during which time he cared for hundreds ot destitute children, Gustaf Kallman literally worked night and day; but at length the Btrain told, and he died on tho eve of his forty-third birthday, unmarried but neither friend-lens nor childless. Two thousand friends attended Kallman's funeral, and the seventy little ones to whom he had beenas a father were the chief mourners.

The body was taken back to Sweden, but Kallman's monument remains here In the orphanage he founded. The supporters of the Kallman Orphanage are going on with the good work. In this they have fortunately secured the services of John Llndblom as a successor to the founder, Mr. Llndblom, as a friend of Mr. Kallman, and because of his love) for the work, has long been associated with the orphanage, and under his management, and with the assistance of his excellent wife, it Is Increasing its usefulness.

Surely, this Is a Christian charity whose Bupporters should not be confined to creed or race. The board of trustees are: Charles A. Ogren. president; Johannes Johnson, vice president; Edward Thunall, secretary, and David Wood-worth, treasurer. John Lindblom, manager.

Swedish Newspapers. The Swedes read English even before they can talk It, but it Is natural that they should wish to read of the doings of their own people here and of the 1 PrB" of events in the home land, In their own language. To supply this need, ther, are scores of Swedish magazines end dally and weekly papers throughout the land where Swedes are gathered together. Tne principal Swedish paper In Greater Nsw York is a weekly, Nordstjernan-Nor Star-published at 108 Park row This paper, now ovyned by company, of which prominent Swedes sro members, was founded In 1871. under the manage ment of r.i fnhonaen father of Charles jf" if li'rr 1 mri-n- SsvN- WJ IW.

ffrn SmSHFuwuOimeai-Gmiievirl Kit LE I feY.CG Eujnxon. Rev ifJ Lqfgken. Maria Liudegren it is destined to continue a blessing to many more, who, without BUi'h care would, at times, be helpless In the whirlpool of a great city. In addition to this the church, which has about six hundred members, maintains two missionaries In China, one in Africa and one at home. There are two hundred and fifty In the Sunday school.

The Kev. C. J. Ellstrom was born in Verniland, Sweden, 1867. After leaving the preparatory schools he graduated Eia it'? 1 HE better to un- derstand the number and status of the Swedes in Great New York, and particularly in Brooklyn, it may be well to give a broad, general lew of the beginning and spread of (Swedish influence in North America.

This Influence began with the first Infant colonies, and historically It is contemporaneous with the earliest English settlements on the Atlantic coast. While the tendency to-day is to regard great corporations with suspicion, we should not forget that companies, formed Cor commercial exploitation through American colonisation, were prime factors In the early days of New England, Virginia and the Carolinas, as well as in the Dutch and Swedish settlements. The strongest, the most long-lived, the iji. richest and the most relentless and arbitrary trust the world has ever known, or, It is safe to say, ever will known, was tb Hanseatic League, which, for nearly centuries, virtually controlled the commerce, not only of Europe, but of the Whole business world. This mercantile trust was master of nearly all the trad Ing ports of north Europe, and so mighty had it become that thrones, despotic though they were at the time, were lost Id Its shadow.

The Swedes have had their share of great kings, of which no land has had too many, and they have had more than their share of great statesmen, foremost among whom history ranks Count Oxenst lerna, prime minister of Queen Christine. It wag this far-sighted man who, first of Ills countrymen, saw the importance of colonial trade through direct Swedish pet' tlements In the New World. To accom 1 this, and other commercial ends for the weakening of the League, Count Oxenstjerna formed a colonial company, Mi distinctly anti-trust movement. The Hanseatic League was German In Its every fiber; perhaps it was for this reason that a German, Peter Minnlt, was elected in 1637-38 to lead the first Swed ish colony to New Sweden, on the south ra banks of the Delaware. Peter Minnlt was an organizer, and he showed the soundness of his Judgment by settling his people in a fertile region, in close touch with the tidal waters that insured communication with the outer world.

From the first the Dutch In New Amsterdam, like their English neighbors to the east, and their French neighbors to the north, claimed all the lands they could grasp, and among these unbought possessions were the Swedish settlements from Christiana Creek to the Schuylkill River. Through honest purchase from the Indians, the Swedes claimed title to their lands, and, it should be recorded, that they paid more for a less marketable property than did he Dutch, who secured Manhattan Island for $28 in trade. Washington Irving never wrote anything more dellclously humorous than his of the armada, fitted out and by Peter Stuyvesant himself, tfor the conquest of the recalcitrant Swedes on the banks of Christiana Creek. The Knickerbocker historian assures us (that the 'only casualty In this mighty campaign was the Injury done to the Dutch commander's wooden leg; but the main purpose of the enterprise was accomplished. After twenty years of colonial self-government, the Delaware Ewedes, who seem to have been left to themselves by the home land, tacitly acknowledged the over-Iordshlp of the Dutch, and went on conquering the for pjests and keeping their treaty with their unman neignoors.

Under the successive leadership ot Hollander, Prints and Reslng, the Swedish colonists struggled on for ten years, ijnder the nominal control of the Dutch, when one day a warship, flying the Eng- llsh flag, cast anchor off the mouth of Christiana Creek, and they were informed i'that New Amsterdam bad changed Its name to New York, and that henceforth they must regard themselves as subjects, not of the house of Vasa, or of Orange, but of that of the Stuarts. At this time and till the coming of the Quakers under Penn, in 1683, the Swedes on the Delaware were practically Isolated, and so they retained their language and old-world customs, with only such changes as environment compelled. It 'may be well to state here, as an evidence of the tenacity of language, that Swedish continued to be spoken In Delaware till the close ot the eighteenth century. The ties with the mother country were kept up till 1831. In 1697, through the bounty of Charles XI, Hsly Trinity Church In Wilmington and Gloria Del Church In h.lladelphla the latter now generally eitioken of as "The Old Swedes Church" 'were erected, and these historic buildings have become shrines for Americans no matter their descent.

To-day, except for some old grave yards, and the churches named, we search In vain for external signs of this first Swedish colony. It has lost Its identity, and been absorbed into the ever-growing teterogenous American ily. But no ingredient so valuable could be blended into the composite whole leaving its effect. The Delaware Swedes were more for tunate in their neighbors than they were In their rulers. These neighbors, though ot of the same religious denomination, were the distinctly religious Quakers Moravians and Mennonites, whom with American indifference in such mat- ytera, we call "Pennsylvania Dutch." The people of northern Delaware and southeastern Pennsylvania, are largely made up of a blend of these three communities.

But though as distinctly religious as the English Quakers, or German Mennonites, iha Swedish Lutherans of Delaware were pot ot the race that turned the left leheek when the right was smitten, and so we find them, when the war for Independence began, united to a man for freedom. In 1776 they had already been In America for 138 years. Plymouth colony bad been founded but fourteen years before their coming, and Jamestown was but thirty years older. Surely these Delawarlans had become Americans, and -they proved It by the energy with which they took up arms at the first call, and the tenacity with which they remained in -the field till independence was won. Among those whom the historians of the times accord as distinctly Swedish leaders may be mentioned Keen, Morton, Hersselius, and Anderson.

It is Inter-, eating to note, In this connection, that the Adersons rose to prominence In other states, and that, after being in America for over 250 years, they still retain the Swedish. name "Lars." General Robert Anderson of Kentuncy, who so gallantly defended Fort Sumter, at the beginning of our Civil War, Is of this distingllshed family. It is not generally known that the in are out of work and without friends to whom they can go, are cared for until thoy caji secure employment with good famines. Bethlehem Lutheran Church is distinguished for Its excellent choir, which Is under the direction of Professor A. W.

Anderson, a graduate of the Boston Conservatory of Music. St. Paul Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Church Is situated at 392 McDonough street, a building formerly occupied by the Hebrew Orphan Asylum and altered Swedes founded Wlcaco, now Philadelphia, and that some of the land titles in that city are traced back to the first pro prietor, one Swon Swenson, who may be said to have shown a real estate prophet's foresight as to coming land values. Swedes in America Estimated at 1,700,000. The Swedes being a maritime, as well as an agricultural and manufacturing people, we may be sure that in the 200 years after the first coming, many natives of Sweden must have settled in the United States, but it was not till 1832 that the new stream of immigration set In in an appreciable way.

Up to this time America had been distinctly agricultural country, so that the stories of its rich virgin lands did not appeal to the professional men, trad crs, or mechanics of the Swedish cities and towns, but they came to the peasant, rent paying small farmer as a hope and a revelation. Between 1832 and 1840 some of the Swedish agricultural immigrants settled in New York and Pennsylvania. By tho last yaar a Knowledge of the ch ora rle lands beyond the Alleghenies had gone anroaa. The call of the West had reached Sweden, and her sons ansewred it In ever-increasing numbers, till to day the Swedes In America and their children number, It Is estimated, 1,700,000, and the end Is not yet, for It will be long ere the call dies out. To them the land of promise, if not the Star of Empire, is In the great West.

In this Swedish exodus a few stopped in Ohio and Indiana; but Illinois was at first the destination of the majority, and soon the flood poured into Iowa, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. This was particularly the case when the news went abroad that the Homestead Act had been signed by Abraham Lincoln, and that the immigrant who would farm had henceforth the same right to possess the sou ana Decome his own landlord as the native born, provided only that he become a citizen of the republic that so heartily welcomed him. To-day the Swedes are conspicuous factors In the prosperity of Kansas, the Dakotas, Wash-lngM, and Oregon: and. possessed of the old ancestral wanderlust, they are reaching out for' the fat lands In the Canadian northwest, where they are re ceiving a more generous welcome from the Dominion than their fierce, pagan progenitors got in England 1,200 years ago. Frederlka Bremmer, the brilliant Swedish author, who visited this country about the middle of the last century, wrote a work, entitled "Homes In the New World," which gave an added impulse to the emigration of his countrymen.

But this emigration was no longer confined to the agricultural peasants of Skane, Soderomanland, Wermland. Vest-manland and Dalarne; the call had reached the artisan and trading classes, and over they came, to win in the cities and towns, as their predecessors had won In the rural stretches. And then, In natural sequence, came the professional classes, principally civil and mechanical engineers, and they continue to come and to find remunerative fields for their talents. Swedish clergymen came with the first settlers, and that they continued to come at every stage of the immigration. Swedes in Brooklyn No Longer Segregated.

In former times colonial settlements were essential to people who were bound by ties of religion, race, or language, but if this segregation is continued it acts as a bar to progress, and strangles the patriotic spirit which it Is the purpose of our institutions to foster. This ad- lierance to one tongue, and that not the speech of this land, and this tendency seclusion Is well Illustrated by the case of the German religious communities in Pennsylvania. Although their forefathers came to America before the war for inpendence, many of these sturdy, pious "Pennsylvania Dutch" can not to this day talk English; and the patois they speak, and in which they have books and periodicals, Is not Ger man, nor Is It like any other tongue spoken since lingual troubles began at Babel. With the Ssandinavlan aptitude for language the Swedes soon learn English, which Is a kindred speech, and so they no longer feel constrained to da'ly association with their European country men. When, in the early fifties of the last century, the Swedes began to settle Brooklyn, they lived along Atlantic avenue, particularly above the site of the present Long Island dopot.

But whflo ther? are still many Swedes in this neighborhood, the old tendency to segregation Is gone, and, as their churches, societies and clubs show, they are well scattered over this and the neighboring boroughs, though three-nuns of tfle Johansen, the present editor and manager who also controls vainyriea. American literary magazine. The in to Its news, has ex cellent musical, dramatic and literary features, of whlcn iauer ger, the well known Swedish novelist. Is lnAUhough printed in Worcester the Swedish center of New England Swedes, Scandinavia, an excellent weekly, has a largo circulation in this city. George Stanislaus, young in years but a veteran Journalist, Is the New York editor and manager.

In addition to his nhlfitv Mr. Stanislaus has won distinction as a singer, and Is a member of the Swedish Glee Club of this city. Prominent Swedish Business Men. It Is Interesting to note that the Swedes of Brooklyn, who stand to the front In the professional and business world, are also most active In philanthropic work, the Swedish Hospital, very properly, interesting the majority. In all that makes for the success of Brooklyn and the welfare of his Swedish fellow cltliene, Charles G.

Edllng Is Interested and active. He has, during hlB forty years residence in the old Ninth Ward of Brooklyn; won business success and at the same time kept In touch with social life and with the many fraternal organizations of which he Is a member. John Hartel of Flatbush Is a prominent decorator and designer. He Is a man who, from small beginnings, has won a foremost place before reaching middle sge. G.

Hilmar Lundbeck of Nielsen Lundbeck Is a young man who has succeeded In business. He lives In South Brooklyn. Peter Ragnasson, a clever writer and speaker. Is In the real eetate business, but he does not neglect Company "BwedlBh Guard," Fourteenth Regiment, N. G.

N. of which he Is the commanding officer. Axel 8. Hedman. the well known architect, lives In Flatbush and Is a member of many clubs and fraternities.

John O. Peterson, D. of Bergen street. Is a membor of the Swedish Hospital medical staff. Dr.

C. Elfstrom, also of the hospital medical staff, ts a graduate of the Medical College In Stockholm, and has been a resident of Brook-' lyn for fifteen years. Albln Gustafson is a member of a firm of electrical engineers and contractors, and is also president of the Swedish Engineers Club of Brooklyn; he lives In Flatbush. Ellas Johnson Is a prosperous stationer; he lives In Borough Park, and Is a member of many Swedish societies. Dr.

Lundbeck of Bergen street Is the head of the Swedish Hospital medi cal staff. John T. Smith, who lives on the Park Slope, is a retired real estate operator and gives much tlmo to benevolent work; he Is a deacon ot the Swedish Lu theran Church. To give tho names of all tho Swedns who have won In Brooklyn would require a special directory, but a few more must he mentioned and among them Alfred Richardson, who, although only 42 years of ago, Is one of our leading hotel managers. In addition to this Mr.

Richardson Is president of the Swedish Democratln and Social Club, which In active shout this time. To the foregoing may be added without oven skimming the list. A. J. Anderson of A.

J. Anderson Montague street; William Lindgren, a civil engineer and popular clubman; A. Llndewall of Llndewall Dahlgren; Ernest Ohnell, a Manhattan business man, who lives In the Bedford section; N. W. Roos.

a contractor, who resides on the Park Slope; Levi Swenson, a Brooklyn manufacturer, who lives on Putnam avenue, and Gustavn Seaberg, a manufacturer, whoRo good deeds measure up to bis business success. Clubs and Societies. There are a great, many distinctly social clubs in Brooklyn, but at this time we can give Bpace to those only that have educational or fraternal features. The most prominent and prosperous of the unaffiliated organizations is the Swcdlsn Kngineers Club, whose home is at 231 Ctilon street, and of which Albin Gustafson Is president. This club is composed of civil and mechanical engineers, architects and allied professional men.

That this society Is prosperous Is shown by the fact that it has purchased a new club building on the Heights, and expects- to mov in after the alterations are completed, which will be some tlmo next November. "The Swedish Gloe Club In Brooklyn" meets every Tuesday In Saeng-erbund Hail, This is the oldest Swedish singing society In America. It aims particularly to preserve, through practice, the old home songn. David Akerland. an accomplished musician.

Is president of the. club, and George Stanislaus, secretary. That the Swedes retain their love for athletics Ir shown by the prosperity of the Swedish-American Athletic Club, which is Incorporated, and has a membership of over 200. It meets at Atlantic Park on Tu'-s lays. Fridays ond Sundays.

Continued on Page 5, from the Military College at Karlsborg, Sweden. Ho prepared for the ministry at the Chicago Theological Seminary. In addition to his big mission In Brooklyn he is president of the Eastern Confer ence of Swedish Congregational Churches, to which seventy churches belong. Mr. Ellstrom Is also a loading factor In the movement to unite the "Swedish Free Church" and the "Swedish MlBslon Cove nant of America," with the Eastern Conference.

Immanuel Swedish Methodist Episcopal Church, corner of Dean and Fifth avenue, the Rev. A. J. Lofgren, pastor, com menced Its work In 1845, the first services being held In a ship's hulk. The present church was dedicated November 20, 1871, Its membership Is six hundred and thirty and Sunday school seven hundred.

The Immanuel and Flatbush mlsslonB are sup ported by this church and each has a flourishing Sunday school. Apart from its own expenses this church last year contributed to missionary and charitable purposes, $2,274. Ellm Methodist Episcopal, Forty-seventh and Third avenue, tho Rev. E. N.

Hedeen, pastor, has three hundred members and one hundred and fifty In the Sunday school. Bethany, Troy avenue and Herkimer street, tho Rov. F. E. Broman, has four hundred members and five hundred in Sunday school.

The Flrnt Baptist Church, 613 to 517 Dean street, Is presided over by the Rev. O. J. Engstrand, one of tho oldest pas-lors In the city. It has a membership of 600 with 300 iu tho Sunday school.

Khenezer Baptist Church, Herkimer street and Schenectady, pastor, the Rev. N. E. Johnson, has a membership of 300, with 100 In Sunday school. In all there are some twenty Swedish churches In Brooklyn.

The Swedish Hospitals and Other Institutions. The Swedlhh Hospital, located at Rogers avenue and Sterling place, after years of effort, was incorporated July 21, 1890, dedicated Juno 24, 1906, and opened for patients October 19 of tho same year. Although begun with many prophecies of failure and doubts as to the need for such an Institution, the Swedish Hospital, from the first week of its opening to the present, has dem onstrated Its usefulness, and tnrougn tne devotion of Its friends ami the fine business management of Its officers, it has succeceded In keeping free from all debt for current expenses. The following comprise tho officers of the board of trustees: Charles O. F.dling, president; Charles K.

JohanRen, vice president; John Hartel, treasurer; G. H. Lunbeck, financial secretary; Peter Ragnarson. attorney and ecrotary. The uunlllcml trustees are A.

J. Anderson, Dr. C. Elfstrom, A. Gur- tafson, Axel S.

Hedm.in, hlias Johnson, John Consul A. Johnson, Frederick Kindt, Dr. C. Lunrlbork, A. Llndewall, William Lenilgren, Ernest Ohnell, Dr.

J. O. Peterson, S. M. Roos, lir.

N. Sahlin, Charles Simpson, John Smith and J. Edward Swanstrom, Levi Swanson, Gus Sandborg. As shown by the report of the superin tendent. MIbs Elizabeth Peterson, the 6.H patients admitted to the Swedish Hospital during tho past year wero natives of eighteen foreign countries.

Including Swedi which furnished 16. hile the lives of the United States numbered Miss Peterson has been superintend ent June. 1907, and. In addition, she has been supervisor of nuries, for whose training there has been here established a hi hool, and for whose use a comfortable home has been fitted up adjoining the hospital. It.

is gratifying to find that In the humanitarian work of the churches and Swedish benevolent societies women are the chief factors. The Ladies Auxiliary of the Swed'sh Hospital hris an efficient branch In Manhattan. Mrs. G. Hilmer Lundbeck Is president of this socloty, with the following staff: Mrs.

L. G. Ericson vice nresldent Mrs, Otto Run- lai treasurer; Mrs. Knu Johnson, re-' cording se. retary; Mrs.

K. Joh-j ansen. rorrespouding perretirv; Mrs. Al-. I red l.lndcwall.

financial t.try. In addition to these there are forty-four members, all of them very "active" and all of them deeply Interested In what has come to be, with, citizens ot ail claases. 000 Swedes In Greater New York make their homes In Brooklyn. We find all over the country this tendency to diffusion on the part of the Swedes. From Kansas they are drifting south to the rich farming lands of Oklahoma and northern Texas.

Already they are well represented in the middle and western states, and their skilled workmen are Increasing In the manufacturing cities of New England. Jamestown, N. Is practically owned and controlled by Swedes, who first went to that neighborhood as woodsmen, but soon established factories for the making of furniture and other forms of woodwork. As In this city, we see our Swedish neighbors winning success In every mercantile, mechanical and professional calling, so we find them employed In every part of the Union. In Brooklyn we had J.

Edward Swanstrom for borough president, and In Minnesota ex-Governor John Llnd and present Governor Johnson, both elected to office by Scandinavians, who were not of their political faith. A large majority of the Swedes throughout the country belong to the Republican party. In the primaries of 1907 there were enrolled In Kings County 5,800 Republican and 2,300 Democratic Swedes, and this was far from representing their total vote at the general ele'tion. That they are not politi cians Is shown by the fact that they have never hungered for political recognition through otnee. Before coming directly to a considera tion of our Swedish fellow townsmen it may not be amiss to glance quickly at the success of other Swedes throughout the country.

In addition to the great work they are doing in their own special schools and colleges which are largely denominational we find professors, of Swedish birth, well represented In the scientific departments of all the great American universities. P. T. Berg, the rolling mill Inventor of Pittsburg, had not a little to do with the making of Andrew Carnegie's fortune, while keeping a keen eye on his own Interests. Emll Swensson Is a national authority on structural steel.

In Chicago there is now a second John Erickson, showing that he possesses much of his great namesake's genius, through his success in public improvements. N. Sylven, a Swede, is at the head of the United States Light house Service. C. G.

Mellin is the chief engineer of the Schenectady Locomotive Works. John F. Anderson, who came here thirty years ago, a penniless sailor boy, has earned fame and fortune as a contractor. Others who have won large wealth from small beginnings, are John A. Lindgren of Chicago, N.

O. Werner of Minneapolis, C. G. A. Erickson of Boone, Charles A.

Smith, "the Minnesota lumber king," who came here a poor boy and was the first Swede to enter the university at St. Paul. Of the foregoing class Is our own townsman, A. E. Johnson, at present act- ng Swedish Consul-General In New York City.

As the general passenger agent of the Scandinavian-American Line. Mr. Johnson, who is a man of large affairs and many Interests, has been the means of bringing scores of thousands of his countrymen across the Atlantic. Fifty- four years ago, Mr. Johnson, then a poor boy, reached here on a sailing ship.

Ho went to work at $2 a week and board; but with racial persistency he held on, till he reached the highest rung in the ladder of prosperity and he Is still at work. Lutheran Swedish Churches In Brooklyn. It Is not till one has studied, with tamo care, the progress of the Scandinavian people, at home and abroad, that he realizes what an Important part the church has played In the ethical and Intellectual advancement. When the Swedish exodus to America began to be felt, about the middle of the last century, Pastor L. P.

Esbjorn of Oslattfors, In Halslngland, aided by the Lutheran missionary soc'etles at home, came to America with 140 Immigrants and settled at Andover. where, on March 18. he organized the first distinctly Swedish church west of the AlVghanioi. Pawtor Esbjorn was soon followed by other Lutheran clergymen, prominent among whom were T. N.

Hasselqulst, Erland 1 Carlioo, O. C. T. Andrea sad Jonas Swensson. In those days the Lutherans of the three Scandinavian peoples affll-iatefi; but, as might have been expected, differences as to church government soon arose and this resulted in two distinct synods.

At Clinton June 5, 1860, the Swedish Lutherans founded "The Scandinavian Lutheran Synod, or Augus-tana Synod," so called from the Confesslo Augustanae, or "Augaberg Confession." Early In the 60's, a theological seminary was established In Chicago, aided by generous gifts from Charles XV. of Sweden and Norway. This seminary was soon moved to Rock iBland, 111., where It has since prospered as "The Augus-tana College and Theological Seminary." In addition to this, the Augustana Synod has established Gustavus Adolphus College. St. Peter's, Bethany College, Lindsborg.

Luther Academy. Wahoo, Upsala College, Kenil-worth, N. Northwestern College, Fergus Falls, Minnesota College, Minneapolis; Trinity College, Round Rock, and Couer de'Alene College, Idaho. At present there are over 3,000 students In these colleges, many of them studying theology. All the Swedish Lutheran clergymen In Brooklyn belong to the Augustana Synod, which has supervision of the domestic and foreign missions and local charities.

In addition, ihe Synod has erected and cares for the Swedish Immigrant Home, at Water street, Manhattan, with pas tor A. B. Lllje In charge. There is a similar Immigrant home at 11 Henry street, Boston, In charge of the Rev. Robert Swanson.

If our Swedish friends expect relatives or friends from the home land and are not sure of meeting them on arrival, It might be well to send to them the address of either or both of these clergymen, who are ever ready to help and advise. A majority of the church-going Swedes In New York are Lutherans, the total number for the whole city being estimated at 15,000. Their largest congregation is that of Gustavus Adolphus Church, In Manhattan, of which Dr. Mauritz Stolpe Is pastor. This congregation was organized In a small way In 1865.

In 1873 It was Incorporated, and in 18S7 a fine stone church and parsonage, costing $129,000, were erected. The parishioners now number 1,616, and the Sunday school has 330 scholars with 32 teachers. As a business enterprise, the Swedes of Brooklyn, rtgardless of denomination, have reason to be proud of the Bethlehem Evangelical Lutheran Church, Third avenue and Pacific street, of which Dr. F. Jacobson Is pastor.

This congregation was organized In 1874 by the Rev. P. G. Sward. Services were first held In private rooms on Hudson avenue, then in Olive Chapel, Bergen street; In the German Lutheran Church, on Schermer-horn street; also in a hall, corner of Boerum place and Pacific street.

In 1882 a small building was bought from the Second Presbyterian Church, situated on the Bite of the present structure. In 181)5 this church building was competed. The cost of the building and parsonage was $130,000. At this time the congregation numbers over 1,600 members. The Sunday school Is a strong factor in the organization, the Swedish department having 650 scholars and the English 255, the latter Indicating the percentage not familiar with the Swedish language.

There are soventy-five teachers. The vitality of nny church organization can be measured by the number and activity of the societies Into which It Is divided. In this work Dr. Jacobson has shown his ability as a business man. The Ladies Sewing Society, the Men's Missionary Society, the Lutheran League, the Young Ladies Society and the Aid Society are a few of the wheels within wroels thut keep this gn at hurch active and vitalized.

Another society that deserves speiliil nii-nt'or. Is the Young Women's Home, at Dean street, which was opened in May, II1O6. In this home young Scandinavian women for the needs of the present congrega tlon, which is In chargo of Dr. Vilhelm LJung pronounced Young. The doctor, now In the prime of middle life, Is a magnetic, energetio man, with an enviable capacity for work, and an enthusi asm 1n his work that Inspires others to effort.

He was educated at the famous University of Upsala, In Sweden, where he studied science and medicine and won the degree of M.Ph. On coming to tho United States Dr. Ljung studied for tho ministry at Augustana College, and at once entered on his life work. He assumed his present charge with a small congregation, but In a few years he has built It up, until now It ranks third In numerical strength In the New York district. Although It Is but nineteen years old, tho present church membership Ir 732 and the Sunday school has 234 echolars, with 17 teachers.

This congregation Is composed of wage earn ers, yet Its societies are active and the contributions to charitable and mission work have been most liberal. Assistant Professor Frederick A. LJung of the Brooklyn Polytechnic, of whoso engineering school he is a graduate, is a son of Dr. LJung. Immanuel Swedish Lutheran Church is situated at 619 Leonard street.

Green-point. The Rev. G. Nelsenlus, D.D., has been the pastor and has presided for twelve years. From a small mission there has been developed a large congregation.

In addition to this Dr. Nelsenlus has established four other congregations in Greator New York. He Is president of the New York conference of the Auguotana Synod. The Swedish population In this district Is rapidly Increasing, and with it the church membership, which now numbers 500, with 200 in the Sunday school. The officers are Dr.

Nelsenlus, superintendent; John Holllnder, vice superintendent: Mrs. Christian Soder, secretary; Harry Nelson, financial secretary; Carl Nelson, treasurer; C. A. Friberg, librarian, and Miss O. Westergren, organist.

The pastor's daughter. Miss Ellen Nelsenlus, Is church organist. Immanuel has Its full share of active societies, the ruling spirit of which is the pastor, of whom all are justly troud. Among the other Swedish Lutheran churches In Brooklyn are Zlon, Fifty-ninth street and Eleventh avenue, the Rev C. Westlund, pastor, and Swed-lh 'Mission.

438 Fifty-third street, the Rev. G. S. Dallelson, pastor. In addition to this work the Swedish Lutherans conduct a number of local missions.

"One of tho most successful of these Is In charge of the Rev. P. R. Frcdlund. Mr.

Frediund, who Is young and energetic, was educated at Augustana College, and after a three-years' pastorate at Mor-ristown. was cnlled to the mission field in Brooklyn. He has secured for worship and Sunday school purposes the chapel of the Dutch Reformed Church. Platbush and Snyder avenues, where the congregation is growing. It has the umial ladles' auxiliaries and other societies.

In addition, Mr. Frediund has established Tabor congregation In F.ast New York, on Ashford. between Gl-nmnre and ru-klns avenues, and another at Richmond Hill, which la full of promise. To further his work, Pastor Frellund publishes monthly a bright paper entitled "Lui'n-ersk Kyrkotldaing Lutheran Church Tidings. Other Swedish Churches in Brooklyn.

The Swedish PIlKrlm Church, Congregational, 413-415 Atlantic avenue, was organized April 26, 1SS3, under the Rev. C. G. Lundkvlst. In ISoO.

the Rev. C. G. Ellstrom assumed ch.irge and under his leadership the church has been progressing rapidly and many new branch havo been fornv-d In other parts of the city, r'onnetied with this is home for Sf a tid.ttavi.-in e.irls. k'low a "Frldhem." Hi South Portland avenue.

Thouandit of girls have been cared for In this home since its eafiblisliiiH'Nt. The property Is owned by the congregation sad under tho matronly caro ot Mrs..